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science in laboratories, that it is through a tolerated adminis- 

 trative fiction that some scientists, considered as professors, 

 are permitted to draw from the public treasury towards the 

 expenses of their own work, some of the allowance made to 

 them for teaching purposes." 



The manuscript was sent to the Moniteur at the beginning 

 of January, 1868. It had lately been publishing mild articles 

 on Mussulman architecture, then on herring fishing in Norway. 

 The official whose business it was to read over the articles sent 

 to the paper literally jumped in his chair when he read this 

 fiery denunciation ; he declared those pages must be modified, 

 cut down ; the Administration could not be attacked in that 

 way, especially by one of its own functionaries! M. Dalloz, 

 the editor of the paper, knew that Pasteur would never consent 

 to any alterations ; he advised him to show the proofs to M. 

 Conti, Napoleon Ill's secretary. 



" The article cannot appear in the Moniteur, but why not 

 publish it in booklet form?" wrote M. Conti to Pasteur 

 after having shown these revelations to the Emperor. 

 Napoleon, talking to Duruy the next day, January 9, showed 

 great concern at such a state of things. " Pasteur is right," 

 said Duruy, "to expose such deficiencies; it is the best way 

 to have them remedied. Is it not deplorable, almost scan- 

 dalous, that the official world should be so indifferent on 

 questions of science? " 



Duruy felt his combative instincts awakening. How many 

 times, in spite of his good humour and almost Roman intre- 

 pidity, he had asked himself whether he would ever succeed 

 in causing his ideas on higher education to prevail with his col- 

 leagues, the other Ministers, who, carried away by their daily 

 discussions, hardly seemed to realize that the true supremacy 

 of a nation does not reside in speeches, but in the silent and 

 tenacious work of a few men of science and of letters. Pasteur's 

 article entitled Science's Budget appeared first in the Revue 

 des GOUTS scientifiques , then as as pamphlet. Pasteur, not con- 

 tent with this, continued his campaign by impetuous speeches 

 whenever the opportunity offered. On March 10, he saw himself 

 nearing his goal, and wrote to Eaulin : " There is now a marked 

 movement in favour of Science; I think I shall succeed." 



Six days later, on March 16, whilst the Court was celebrat- 

 ing the birthday of the Prince Imperial, Napoleon III, who, 

 on reading Pasteur's article, had expressed his intention of 



