INDEX. 



259 



Evolution, 201, 202; discussion with 

 Cuvier, 202-204 ' unity of type, 203. 



St. Hilaire, Isidore, theory of limited 

 variability, 207 ; stability of types, 207; 

 influence of environment, 208. 



Struggle for existence, Anaximander, 35 ; 

 in feeding and propagation, Em- 

 pedocles, 39; Buffon, 136; Malthus, 

 136; E. Darwin, 142; Treviranus, 

 191 ; De Candolle, W. Herbert, Lyell, 

 239; Darwin, 239, 244; Wallace, 244. 



Suarez, special creation, 83; post-crea- 

 tion species, 84; opposes Augustine, 

 84; literalism, 85. 



Survival of the Fittest, forms or varieties 

 of life, Empedocles, 39 ; supported 

 by Epicurus, 60 ; by Lucretius, 61 ; 

 Hume, 97 ; Buffon, 136 ; Kant, 101 ; 

 St. Hilaire, 199; Wells, 222; Mat- 

 thew, 223 ; Naudin, 225 ; Darwin, 

 236; Wallace, 245. Single advan- 

 tageous variations and organs stated 

 and opposed by Aristotle, 55 ; Dide- 

 rdt, by fortuitous combinations of 

 particles, 116; by combinations of 

 organs, 117; survival of opposable 

 thumb, Buffon, 141 ; E. Darwin, 141 ; 

 St. Hilaire, 199 ; Darwin, 239, 244. 



Teleology of Aristotle, 51 ; opposed by 



Democritus, 42; by Epicurus, 60; 



by Lucretius, 61 ; Kant, 99 ; Buffon, 



132; Darwin, 238. 

 Thales, suggestion of marine origin of 



life, 33- 

 Treviranus, his ' biology,' 188 ; his method, 



189 ; compensation of growth, 190 ; 



environment, 191 ; struggle for exist- 



ence, 191; factors of Evolution, 192; 

 abiogenesis, 193; primordial polyps, 

 194 ; matter and form, 194-195. 

 Type, unity of, Aristotle, 45 ; Bruno, 80 ; 

 Leibnitz, 96; Newton, 97; Kant, 102; 

 Herder, 103; Buffon, 134; E. Darwin, 

 145 ; Goethe, 184 ; St. Hilaire, 198, 

 203 ; Archetype, Owen, 219 ; Naudin, 

 223. 



Uniformitarianism, similarity of past 

 and present changes, Avicenna, 76 ; 

 Bruno, 82; Maillet, 112; Buffon, 137; 

 Lamarck, 165 ; Darwin, 232. 



Variation and Evolution, Bacon, 88,92; 

 Leibnitz, 99 ; fortuitous, from sexual 

 union, Maupertuis, 115; St. Hilaire, 

 199 ; Brown, 235 ; Darwin, 244; Wal- 

 lace, 244. 



Variation, fortuitous, by fortuitous com- 

 binations, Empedocles, 38; Diderdt, 

 117; St. Hilaire, 199; Wells, 222; 

 Darwin's opinion, 237. 



Variability, theory of limited, Is. St. 

 Hilaire, 206-208. 



Vestigial structures, meaning of, Aris- 

 totle, 45 ; Buffon, 132 ; Goethe, 185. 



Wallace, on the evidence of Evolution, 

 226; statement of his theory, 244; 

 distinction of, 245. 



Wells, theory of natural selection, 222. 



Xenophanes, 36. 



Zeller, division of the Greek periods, 32 ; 

 upon origin of idea of Design, 40, 42. 



