42 THE FRUIT GROWER "S GUIDE. 



in their produce for our use in the same way as we tame, train, change, and 

 utilise animals that are amenable to control, and the results attained are equally 

 remarkable in both. The large, rich, luscious strawberries of gardens indicate a 

 marvellous advance in evolution, effected largely by the art of man ; and not less 

 striking is the progress of development and adaptability to our wants from the sour, 

 uneatable crabs of our hedgerows to the richly flavoured and handsome apples that 

 are indispensable for dessert and culinary purposes. 



What are commonly regarded as individual fruits are in some cases really an aggre- 

 gation of fruits, as in raspberries, strawberries, and pineapples. Every pip in a pine- 

 apple is a distinct fruit, the result of an individual flower, and those united individualities, 

 in the form of a cone, build up the " noble pine," as truly as an aggregation of bricks 



Fig. 4. FBVIT : Berries, (a] Raspberry showing seeds embedded in adherent fruits. (/>) Strawberry flower cut 

 vertically, showing petals, stamens and one-seeded carpels on an elevated receptacle, (c) Section of strawberry fruit 

 showing achenes true fruits commonly called seeds. 



forms many a noble pile. Every pulpy protuberance of the raspberry (a, Fig. 4) is an 

 individual fruit containing a seed, the whole joined together constituting the familiar 

 berry. The strawberry differs, in that the pulp supports the seeds visibly (, c), instead 

 of enclosing them, so that one berry is really the sustainer of many fruits. Peaches, 

 nectarines, plums, apricots, and all fruits enclosing a stone, are drupes (, Fig. 5). Apples 

 and pears, the flesh of which encloses several seeds, as shown in b, p. 23, are pomes ; 

 and all pulpy fruits with the seed embedded in a pulpy substance are berries. This, 

 the part most desired, is enlarged and enriched by good cultivation, and, as 

 previously indicated, this may be effected in some fruits regardless of the seeds. Pine- 

 apples and bananas, for instance, are best without seeds, as are some oranges; but 

 several fruits, including stone fruits and some grapes, will not swell without them, while 



