70 THE FRUIT GROWER'S GUIDE. 



forms one of the very best of low screens anywhere, particularly in towns and near the 

 sea. The evergreen Corsican and Austrian pines also bear smoky atmospheres moder- 

 ately well, and withstand sea-breezes, but large trees, especially of the former, do not 

 transplant well. 



Other suitable evergreens for the purpose are the Arbor-vitee (Thuia occidentalis), 

 also Thuia gigantea, with the broad-leaved, evergreen privet, and the English yew. 

 To enable the screen trees to advance quickly the ground should be well trenched, and 

 liberally manured for all except the conifers ; these, however, are encouraged by an 

 addition of leaf-soil or manure reduced to mould, and well incorporated with the soil. 

 Attention should be given to staking, and keeping the ground free from weeds, allowing 

 nothing to compete with the trees for the nutriment in the soil. 



FORM OF FRUIT GARDENS. 



Intimately connected with the question of aspect and shelter is that of the form of 

 enclosures for growing fruit. A form extending twice as far from east to west as from 

 north to south requires twice the extent of shelter from adverse points, and this is no 

 mean consideration in fruit culture. Therefore, in selecting a site, preference is given to 



References to plan: D, medlar and damson trees, cob and filbert nuts, strawberries. E, walk, 6 feet wide. F, 

 border, 8 feet wide, for Moreilo cherries against wall. G, border, 8 feet wide, 4 feet for currants against wall for late 

 use ; remainder late strawberries. H, wall-case, plums. I, wall-case, figs. J, wall-case, apricots. K, early straw- 

 berries. L, blackberries. M, border, 8 feet wide, for pear-trees against wall. N, border, 8 feet wide, for plum-trees 

 against wall. 0, alleys. P, three lines of espaliers for large-fruited varieties of choice apple-trees trained diagonally. 

 Q, walks, 7 feet 6 inches wide. B, pyramid or bush apple trees 9 feet apart, permanent. S, strawberries. T, three 

 lines of espaliers for large choice pear-trees trained diagonally. U, border, 8 feet wide, for pear-trees against wall, also 

 choice or tender varieties of apples. V, border, 8 feet wide, for plum and culinary cherry-trees against wall. W, rasp- 

 berries. X, bush or pyramid plum-trees 9 feet apart, permanent. Y, pyramid pear-trees 12 feet apart, horizontal 

 cordon apple-trees on both sides of borders as margins. Z, gooseberries. A, currants red, white, and black. B, 

 damsons 9 feet apart, permanent. G, orchard-house, pears, apples, mulberries, quinces, &c. Dl, bush apple-trees 6 

 feet apart, thinned to 12 feet, permanent. El, orchard -house, cherries, stone-fruits. Fl, baking and stewing pears 

 9 feet apart, permanent. Gl, main walk, 12 feet wide. Hi, wall, 10 feet above ground. II, bothy : z, bath ; a, yard ; 

 b, kitchen ; c, pantry ; d, scullery ; e, evening or reading-room ; /, foreman's room ; four bedrooms over 6 to/. Jl, late 

 vinery use September to Christmas. Kl, late vinery use Christmas to May. Ll, midseason peach-house use July 

 to September. Ml, late peach-house use September to November. Nl, orangery. 01, rain-water tanks, brickwork 

 built in cement, cemented inside, arched over, no trace outside except man-hole, duly covered and secured. Pi, open 

 shed. Ql, tool-house. Rl, mess-room for day men, &c. Si, potting-shed. 21, boiler-sheds. Ul, store-room. VI, 

 fruit-room. Wl, grape-room. XI, office. Fl, packing-shed. Zl, second early peach-house use June and July. 

 A2, early peach-houseuse May and June. S2, early Muscat of Alexandria grape-houseuse June and July. 

 (72, early vinery use May and June. Z>2, second early vinery use June and July. E2, late Muscat of Alexandria 

 grape-house use September to Christmas. F2, second Muscat of Alexandria grape-house use August and Sep- 

 tember. 2, banana-house, Monstera deliciosa on back. J/2, fig-house use June. 12, cherry -house use May. 

 J2, pits for forcing strawberries, followed by melons. K2, pot figs use late April, forward. L2, pot vines use April 

 and May. M-2, fruiting pines. N2, succession pines. 02, early melons, forcing strawberries, nursing pines, &c. 

 P2, standage for pot trees, strawberries in pots, &c. g, outside borders ; h, inside borders ; i, paths ; ;', cold pits. 



