\AL PRACTICE. RAISING /''AT/7' TREES. EOS 



In those trees that are more difficult to strike 1 , as in the case of the apple and pear 

 (most difficult and uncertain), it is necessary to take a slice off the branch from which 

 the cuttings spring with each, that part being termed a heel, and this is found to facili- 

 tate the production of roots. The lower part of these must be pared smooth, the buds or 

 eyes removed, except those required to grow, and latent buds on the heel must also be 

 carefully abstracted. 



Of the three descriptions of cuttings alluded to, a little illustration will be explana- 

 tory of their preparation, insertion, and process of rooting. In Fig. 15 are shown cuttings 

 of the previous year's shoots cut into lengths of more than one joint : a is a gooseberry 



Fig. 16. HEEL AND BUD CUTTINGS. 



cutting with all the buds removed, except four for forming the bush ; , a currant cutting 

 with a shorter stem above ground, and rooting from every joint ; c, a short stubby fig 

 cutting with the upper bud above ground, rooting from the base and joints ; d, a vine 

 cutting with two joints, inserted to the upper bud, rooting from the callus and cane between 

 the joints. All the preceding have the buds removed from the part inserted in the soil 

 to prevent suckers ; but e, American blackberry or bramble, has not the buds extracted, 

 as suckers produce the most fruitful growth, one being shown starting from the bottom ; 

 also in/, raspberry. Second (Fig. 16) : g, cutting of Codlin apple, rooting from a heel of 

 two-year-old wood; h, fig, with roots from the heel and joints; >, mulberry, with portion 



