GENERAL PRACTICE. EXEMIES. 265 



examined every month through the summer, and when any are perforated, remove tne 

 logs and burn them. Old wood of any kind must not be placed in heaps, and remain 

 unexamined in or near gardens and orchards. 



For preventing the attacks of borers, nothing surpasses a wash formed of soft soap, 

 1 pound; flowers of sulphur, 1 pound; snuff, 1 pound; clay, finely pulverised, 1 pound. 

 Dissolve the soap in a gallon of boiling water, add the sulphur, mixing well, then the 

 snuff, and last the clay, using water as necessary to bring the mixture into the 

 consistence of paint. Apply with a brush to the stems not later than May, also to 

 branches liable to attacks, coating the surfaces well and evenly. Another mixture, 

 which we have never known fail, is composed of: soft soap, 1 pound; flowers of 

 sulphur, 1 pound; quicklime, 1 pound; tobacco juice, 1 gallon. Dissolve the soft 

 soap in a gallon of boiling water, add the sulphur, slake the lime, pour the tobacco 

 juice to the soap and sulphur, work all well together, apply with a brush thoroughly, 

 and the enemy may be vanquished. 



Cockroaches and Crickets. Both devour foliage and eat nectarines, peaches nnd 

 other fruits. The Cockroach (Blatta orientalis) was originally brought from Asia to 

 Europe. It makes its abode in the cavities near pipes. It is a pest in fruit-houses and 

 fruit-rooms, and the only wholesale remedy is poison. Bait with Indian-corn meal moist- 

 ened with treacle, then add one-third of red lead to the paste thus formed. Repeat 

 this, and the cockroaches will soon cease coming. The Domestic Cricket (Gryllus 

 (Acheta) domesticus) does little harm to the out-door fruit grower, yet has been known 

 to devour vine-leaves under glass. Phosphor paste spread on slices of bread, or mixed 

 with honey, effects their destruction, also that of cockroaches. The Field Cricket 

 (Gryllus (Acheta) campestris) does little harm in orchards. If a straw is pushed in 

 its hole, it generally seizes and holds it, and may be drawn out ; but the Mole Cricket 

 (Gryllotalpa vulgaris) cuts off roots in digging its burrows. It is only found in the 

 south of England. Pieces of raw meat placed near their burrows attract them. They 

 are seldom found in stiff clay soil; as they throw up hillocks like moles, their 

 presence is easily discovered ; and the surest method of extirpation is digging out the 

 nest in June or July so as to destroy the eggs. 



Codlin Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella). This is one of the most injurious insects to 

 apples and pears. The grubs (larvse) feed chiefly on the pulpy parts of the apple and 

 pear till nearly full size, then on the pips, and the fruit soon afterwards falls. Quitting 

 the fallen fruit by Ihe hole gnawed by the grub, it wanders about on the ground, till, 



VOL. I. MM 



