APPLES. 329 



South Wales, Lancashire, and Yorkshire, are largely dependent on imported apples. 

 This is a state of things which should not and need not continue. In the Principality 

 there are as fine apple-producing districts as any in the world, which are now browsed 

 by sheep ; and in Ireland too, which has given the world such varieties as the Ecklin- 

 ville the finest of autumn market apples the hard-to-be-beaten Hank's Codlin, the 

 delicious Irish Peach, the beautiful Scarlet Crofton, the favourite Kerry Pippin also 

 Eoss Nonpareil, and Irish Russet (Sam Young), apple culture is woefully neglected; 

 the resources of its soil and the latent energies of its occupants only need stirring to 

 afford a plentiful supply of excellent fruit. 



The following selections are made, and the varieties grouped in accordance with their 

 adaptability to climatic and geological conditions. These influence apples more or less 

 in the productiveness of the trees and the quality of their fruits. Some are singularly 

 juicy and full-flavoured in the north of England and Scotland, but in the south they 

 prove dry and indifferent. The famous Ribston Pippin nowhere attains such juiciness and 

 high quality as in the best soils and aspects found north of the Humber. In Scotland 

 this variety is particularly rich when grown against a wall with south aspect, but in 

 similar positions in the south of England it is hard and dry. Cockpit is a much 

 esteemed Yorkshire apple, as is the very hardy Large Hunthouse, but neither is of 

 equal quality in Kent. Cambusnethan Pippin, Ravelston Pippin, Beauty of Moray, 

 White Melrose, and other popular Scotch varieties, are not appreciated to the same extent 

 south of the Border Counties, but the Scotch-raised Hawthornden, especially in its 

 newer varieties, Winter Hawthomden, Stirling Castle, and Seaton House, succeed 

 in all parts of the kingdom, and are amongst the most useful and profitable. Downton 

 Pippin, a Herefordshire apple, has given place to other varieties in the south, but it 

 succeeds in elevated situations where the Golden Pippin does not, and Early Julyan, 

 Cellini, and other culinary varieties are valued in the north at dessert. 



Other varieties, originated from acclimatised parents, or peculiarity of constitution, 

 have gained local celebrity. Lancashire has its Summer Strawberry, Trumpeter, 

 Scarlet Tiffing, Green Tiffing, Royal Shepherd, and Hutton Square varieties; 

 Cheshire its Minchull Crab and other esteemed sorts, which, through their usefulness, 

 are still prized. Similar observations apply to the Green Costard, Beefing, and 

 Queening of Herefordshire ; also to the Hanwell Souring of Oxfordshire ; Morgan's 

 Bweet and Royal Somerset of the west; Hambledon Deux Ans of Hampshire; Nanny, 

 Forge, Bossom, Duck's Bill, of Sussex ; Colonel Yaughan, Goff, and Prince Arthur 



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