APPLES TRAINING, 



evaporation is lessened, and better growth follows in consequence. If a tree is planted 

 in the autumn, shorten the branches in the spring ; if planted in the spring, prune 

 it at once as indicated by the bars. The bush in this instance is only a low form of the 

 pyramid, compact and symmetrical. 



Goblet-shaped Bash. The maiden tree, P (Fig. 6), which is to be trained in this 

 shape, should be pruned to within one foot of the ground in winter (h). During the 

 ensuing spring, three shoots should be selected from those which push as nearly as 

 possible on the same level, rubbing off all the rest. Train the shoots at an angle of 

 45 degrees, but if they grow unevenly, depress the over-vigorous, raising the weakest, 

 thereby securing three shoots of equal strength. In autumn cut each shoot back to 





Fi<r. 6. FOUMING GOBLET-SHAPED BUSH. 



References : P, maiden tree : h, point of pruning. Q, one-year-trained tree : t, pruning points. R, two-years- 

 trained tree, showing shoots round hoop ; in, pruning places. , tree shaped and in bearing. 



three sound buds as shown by the bars in Q. This, in spring, originates two strong shoots 

 from each pruned branch. Train the six shoots selected as the best, removing any surplus 

 growths. Towards the close of summer dispose the shoots regularly around a wooden 

 hoop, 2 feet in diameter, as shown in the example R. After the leaves fall in the 

 second year's training, shorten the shoots one third of their length and in the following 

 summer select the most promising from the upper part of each branch, which train 

 upright, pinching side-growths from the branches at six leaves to induce the formation 

 of spurs. Secure the shoots to a hoop at such a height as will admit of their regular 

 disposal as above represented, and the preservation of a symmetrical tree. Winter 

 priming consists simply in cutting back the summer pinched side shoots to within an 

 inch of their origin, and shortening leading growths one-third. 



The treatment in. subsequent years is only a repetition of previous work until the desired 

 height of the tree is gained, when it may be closely pinched. If a wider goblet-shaped 



