ULA CK BERRIES- TRA IXIXG. , og 



growths to extend till June ; then make choice of one or two of the strongest, and cut 

 the other away. This will give stout canes for fruiting the following year, but if they 

 arc weak, us they sometimes are the first season, cut them off level with the ground in 

 the autumn. If the canes are making good progress the first year, shorten them in 

 autumn to 4 or 6 feet, as the varieties are moderate or strong, and securing the canes 

 to stakes or a trellis. 



The following year cut away the new canes to three or four of the strongest, and 

 pinch the points off these when 5 to 7 feet long, according to variety ; also pinch off 

 the ends of the laterals at the third or fourth joint. After the fruit is gathered, cut 

 out the canes which have borne it level with the ground. This leaves those of the 

 current year's growth for bearing. Shorten the canes as before advised, and the 

 laterals to a bud or two of their base, but, if not unduly long, and the buds are plump, 

 leave them entire, and secure to the stakes or trellis, dividing the distance equally 

 between the canes. The training in subsequent years is a repetition of the preceding, 

 remembering that five canes is the maximum number to leave on each stool each year. 

 "Wall and arch plants are pruned and trained similarly to those on trellises. 



Busk Training. Cut a newly-planted cane to near the ground in autumn or early 

 spring. Let the growths extend the first year, and cut them all away in autumn, 

 mulching over the stools. The following year select two or three of the strongest 

 canes, cutting away the rest. Pinch off the points of the canes when 2 to 4 feet high, 

 as the varieties are dwarf or tall-growing, and pinch off the ends of the laterals at about 

 12 inches from the main stem. This method gives stout canes with plenty of short side- 

 branches, well supplied with buds for bearing the following year. These canes are cut 

 off even with the ground after fruiting, four to six young canes having been provided to 

 supplant them in bearing in the succeeding year. 



Though this systematic method of summer pruning is advocated by careful growers 

 in warm situations, it is not generally practised in large cultures, the plants being 

 treated on a simpler plan. This consists in thinning the suckers to four to six on each 

 plant, and merely slashing off the ends of the young canes in August, or when they 

 overtop the bearing canes or otherwise interfere with cultivation. The canes bearing 

 fruit during the summer are cut off even with the ground in autumn with long-handled 

 pruning shears or a hooked knife with a long handle, and any straggling canes are 

 shortened, also the laterals a little with a hook. 



Manuring. The blackberry likes good fare. Apply a good coating of decayed 



