GRAPE VINES TRAINING ON WALLS. 



265 



as shown in the illustration (Fig. 80, page 264). It is an admirable system of training 

 vines on south borders, hot slopes, in orchard-houses, and in ground vineries. 



Vines on Open Walls. The walls generally must have south aspects, but the site 

 (page 256), soil (page 249), and planting (page 259) have been fully treated; therefore, 

 a few instructions for training and pruning only need be given here. 



1 . Single Stem-upright Training. To cover a high wall the vines may be planted 3 

 feet apart, trained to single stems, bearing shoots or spurs being allowed to form on each 

 side about 15 inches apart. The cane should be cut down to two buds. When the shoots 



Fig. 81. SINGLE STEM- UPRIGHT, AND THOMERY SYSTEM OF TRAINING VINES. 



References : P, single stem-upright vine in autumn after planting ; p, point of winter pruning. Q, single stem- 

 upright vine in the second year, showing : q, bearing shoots pinched ; r, point of shortening the cane at the winter 

 pruning ; s, leafless bearing shoots to be pruned to two buds bars ; t, bearing shoots after pruning, called spurs. 

 S, bearing and pruning on the Thomery system : d, bearing shoot, cut away at the winter pruning (e) ; /, successional 

 shoot, shortened to two buda (0). '!'> training on the Thomery system : h t horizontals extending equally on both sides 

 of the stem. 



push, select the strongest, rubbing off the other, train it upright, pinch the laterals at the 

 first leaf and sub-laterals to one joint, but allow the cane to make all the extension possible. 

 If the vine divide into two leads pinch off the weaker, and by autumn the thickness of the 

 cane may equal that of the second finger or that of the thumb. Such thickness represents 

 a cane strong enough for producing good side- shoots and fruit. If the young vine is smaller 

 than the little finger cut the cane back to two buds, and let it grow another year, when it 

 will have gained sufficient strength for bearing when shortened to 4 feet 6 inches, as repre- 

 sented in Fig. 81, P, p. The following year disbud so as to have the side-shoots 12 to 15 

 VOL. n. M M 



