CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI. 

 FIG. i. 



FIG. 



One of the higher Fungi, the common bread mould. Penicillium glaucum. a, the whole 

 plant ; b, one of the spore-bearing branches more highly magnified. 



2. Saccharomycetes. (Budding fungi. Yeasts.) These 



immensely important plants are wholly microscopic. They 



consist of simple oval or spherical 



cells, usually separate from each other 



but sometimes adhering in irregular 



masses (Fig. 2). Their distinctive 



character is in their method of repro- 

 duction, which is as follows : From 



the sides of the cells small buds arise 



which increase in size by growth until 



they are about as large as the original, 



when they may separate as distinct 



cells. This method of multiplication is called budding and 

 the yeasts are consequently called the Budding fungi. The 

 importance of yeasts in the great fermentative 

 industries is well known. 



3. Schizomycetes. (Fission fungi. Bac- 

 teria.) These plants are also microscopic. 

 They differ from yeasts in being smaller and 

 somewhat different in shape, but chiefly in 

 their method of reproduction. Instead of form- 

 ing buds they multiply by lengthening somewhat 

 and then dividing into two equal halves (Fig. 3). 



Yeast, showing method of 

 budding. 



FlG. 3. 



oo 



00 

 00 



Bacteria, show- 

 ing method of di- 

 vision by fission- 



