BACTERIA PATHOGENIC FOR ANIMALS. 139 



In rabbits abscesses at the point of infection, but no general 

 affection. 



Bacillus Alvei. (Cheshire and Cheyne.) Bacillus melittoph- 

 tharus. (Colm.) 



Origin. In foul-brood of bees. 



.Form. Slender rods, with round and conical-pointed ends; 

 very large oval spores, the rod becoming spindle-shaped when 

 they appear. 



Properties. Motile, liquefying gelatine rapidly. 



Growth. Grows best between 20 C. and 37 C., very slowly ; 

 cerobic. 



Gelatine Plates. Small grooves are slowly formed, which unite 

 so as to form a circle or pear-shaped growth, from which linear 

 grooves again start. 



Stab Culture. Grows first on surface, then gradually along 

 the needle-track, long processes shooting out from the same, 

 clouding the gelatine. Later, air-bubbles form like the cholera 

 culture, and in two weeks the whole gelatine liquefied. 



Staining. Do not take aniline dyes very well. Gram's method 

 is, however, applicable. 



Pathogenesis. If a pure culture is spread over the honey- 

 comb containing bee larvse, or if bees are fed upon infected 

 material, foul-brood disease will occur. Mice, if injected, die in a 

 few hours. (Edema around the point of infection, and many 

 bacilli contained in the cedematous fluid, otherwise no changes. 



Micrococcus Amylivorus. (Bun-ill.) 



Origin. In the disease called "Blight," which affects pear- 

 trees and other plants. 



Form. Small oval cells, never in chains, more the form of a 

 bacillus. 



Pathogenesis. Introduced into small incisions in the bark of 

 pear-trees the trees perished from the " blight." The starch of 

 the plant cell was converted into carbon dioxide, hydrogen, 

 and butyric acid. 



Bacterium Termo. (Cohn.) 



This was a name given to a form of micro-organism found in 

 decomposing albuminous material, and was supposed to be one 

 specific germ. Hauser, in 1885, found three different distinct 



