GLANDERS BACILLUS. 601 



is often lobulated; other lymphatic glands become in- 

 flamed, and some of them suppurate and open exter- 

 nally, leaving deep, open ulcers; the lungs are also 

 involved, and the breathing becomes rapid and irreg- 

 ular. In farcy, which is a more chronic form of the 

 disease, circumscribed swellings, varying in size from 

 a pea to a hazel-nut, appear on different parts of the 

 body, especially where the skin is thinnest; these sup- 

 purate and leave angry- looking ulcers with ragged 

 edges, from which there is an abundant purulent dis- 

 charge. The bacillus of glanders can easily be obtained 

 in pure cultures from the interior of suppurating nod- 

 ules and glands which have not yet opened to the sur- 

 face, and the same material will give successful results 

 when inoculated into susceptible animals; but the dis- 

 charge from the nostrils or from an open ulcer contains 

 comparatively few bacilli, and these being associated 

 with other bacteria which grow more readily on the 

 culture media than the bacillus mallei, it is not easy to 

 obtain pure cultures by the plate method from such 

 material, and here animals are useful. 



Of test animals guinea-pigs and field-mice are the 

 most susceptible. In guinea-pigs subcutaneous injec- 

 tions are followed in four or five days by swelling at 

 the point of inoculation, and a tumor with caseous con- 

 tents soon develops; then ulceration of the skin takes 

 place, and a chronic purulent ulcer is formed. The 

 lymphatic glands become inflamed and general symp- 

 toms of infection are developed in from two to four 

 weeks; the glands suppurate and in males the testicles 

 are involved; finally purulent inflammation of the joints 

 occur, and death ensues from exhaustion. The forma- 

 tion of the specific ulcers upon the nasal mucous mem- 



