APPENDIX. 



STREPTOTHRJX ACTINOMYCES (Actinomyces Fungus ; 

 Ray Fungus). 



This micro-organism was first described by Bollinger 

 (1877) in the ox, in which it forms the affection known 

 as " big-jaw. " In man the disease was first described 

 by J. Israel (1885), and subsequently Ponfick insisted 

 upon the identity of the disease in man and cattle. To 

 Bostrom we owe the most elaborate and accurate account 

 of the structure and development of this organism. 



Morphology. In both man and animals it can be seen 

 in the pus from the affected regions as small yellowish 

 granules from 0.5 to 2 mm. in diameter. Microscopi- 

 cally these bodies are seen to be made up of threads 

 which radiate from a centre and present bulbous, club- 

 like terminations. These club -like terminations are 

 characteristic of the actinomyces. They are generally 

 arranged in pairs, closely crowded together, and are very 

 glistening in appearance. The threads which compose 

 the central mass of the granules are from 0.3// to 0.5// 

 in diameter; the clubs are from 6// to 8// in diameter. 



The organism is stained with the ordinary aniline 

 colors, also by Gram's solution; when stained with 

 gentian- violet and by Gram's method the threads ap- 

 pear more distinct than when stained with methylene- 

 blue. 



Biological Characters. It grows in all the ordinary 

 artificial culture media, but often several cultures have 

 to be made before getting a satisfactory one. It de- 

 velops at the room-temperature, and grows both with 

 and without oxygen, but best with access of air and at 

 the temperature of the body. 



Growth on Blood-serum and Agar. Isolated colonies 

 at first develop on the surface of these media, but on 



