INDEX OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 675 



of Weichselbaum is usually found. Streptococcus, 483, pyogenes has 

 also been met with in a certain number of cases, and occasionally 

 the colon and typhoid bacilli and other species of bacteria. 



Chalazion. Whether stye is a specific affection or due to mixed 

 infection by the ordinary pus cocci is not known. 



Chancroid. Ducrey (1890) discovered a bacillus, called by him 

 bacillus ulceris cancrosi, which he obtained from the pus of soft 

 chancres and buboes, and believed to be the cause of the disease, 

 but he and others who have found it failed to cultivate it. 



Cholera Asiatica. Due to the cholera spirillum, or Koch's 

 "comma bacillus," 579. 



Cholera Infantum. According to Booker and Jeffries, Bagin- 

 sky and others cholera infantum is not due to a specific micro- 

 organism, but to the action of the common putrefactive bacteria, 

 such as the colon bacillus and the proteus vulgaris and other allied 

 species, which, decomposing the food before it is digested, give rise 

 to toxic products, which are then absorbed in the alimentary canal. 



Cholera Nostras. Finkler and Prior (1884) obtained from the 

 feces of patients with cholera nostras a spirillum which they be- 

 lieved to be the specific cause of this disease, but this has not been 

 corroborated by experiment It is more probable that cholera 

 nostras, summer diarrhoea, and all this class of gastro-intestinal dis- 

 orders are induced by the development of toxic products as the 

 result of the ferment action of various species of bacteria, such as the 

 colon, 452, and proteus groups. 



Cholecystitis. The bacteria most commonly found are the colon 

 bacillus, 453, and less often the typhoid bacillus In the cases where 

 typhoid infection is present the bacilli may remain in the gall- 

 bladder for years. 



Cholelithiasis. The colon, 453, and less often typhoid bacilli 

 are met with. Typhoid bacilli have been found at operations for 

 gallstones ten years after an attack of typhoid fever. (See Johns 

 Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, 1899.) 



Conjunctivitis. The specific infectious forms of conjunctivitis 

 are undoubtedly due to the action of bacteria, as gonorrhreal, 525, 

 ophthalmia, and perhaps Egyptian catarrhal conjunctivitis (to the 

 bacillus discovered by Koch and studied by Kartulis, Weeks and 

 others), and diphtheritic conjunctivitis (to the Klebs-LofHer bacil- 

 lus, 349, when associated with diphtheria, or perhaps to the xerosis, 

 348, bacillus). The non-infectious forms of conjunctivitis, however, 

 are probably due, not to the action of specific micro-organisms, but 



