INDEX OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 679 



Lupus. Due to infection by the tubercle bacillus, 276. 



Lymphangitis. Usually due to streptococcus pyogenes ; occa- 

 sionally other organisms viz., staphylococcus pyogenes aureus and 

 albus and the colon bacillus, either alone or associated take part in 

 the production of this affection. 



Malaria. Due to infection by the plasmodium malarise, 626. 



Malignant (Edema. Due to infection by bacillus cedematis 

 maligni. 



Malignant Pustule. Due to anthrax bacillus. 



Mastitis. The micro-organisms commonly found in mastitis are 

 the ordinary pus cocci staphylococcus and streptococcus. Diplo- 

 cocci corresponding to the gonococcus have also been observed in 

 patients suffering at the same time from gonorrhoea. 



Measles. All attempts to discover the etiology of measles, as of 

 the other specific eruptive febrile diseases except, perhaps, smallpox, 

 have thus far been futile. 



Meningitis. (See Cerebro-spinal meningitis. ) 



Nephritis. The urine in acute infectious diseases, and also in cases 

 of chronic nephritis, not infrequently contains various micro-organ- 

 isms, which are also found in the blood or some other of the organs. 

 Among the micro-organisms commonly found in nephritis second- 

 ary to general infection are : Streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneu- 

 mococcus, bacillus coli communis, bacillus typhi abdominalis, etc. 



Ophthalmia. There can be little doubt that most acute and some 

 chronic inflammations of the eye are due to the presence of micro- 

 organisms. As is well known, the gonococcus of Neisser is the 

 cause of gonorrhoeal ophthalmia, and, according to Fuchs, a consid- 

 erable number of cases of so-called Egyptian ophthalmia are probably 

 due to the same infective agent, while other cases are perhaps caused 

 by the bacillus of Koch and Kartulis or by a combination of these 

 two micro-organisms. Many bacteria when introduced into the eye 

 give rise to inflammatory processes. The pneumococcus has been 

 found by several investigators in cases of panophthalmia and other 

 metastatic eye affections, sometimes alone or associated with the 

 streptococcus and staphylococcus pyogenes The bacillus pyocy- 

 aneus and bacillus coli communis have also been met with in these 

 affections, the inflammation being undoubtedly due to the presence 

 of the micro-organisms in the eye, which has been previously injured 

 in some way. 



Osteomyelitis and Periostitis. According to most authors the 

 staphylococcus, 469, pyogenes aureus is considered to be the specific 



