CHARACTERISTIC DEEP-SEA TYPES. — CRUSTACEA. 



39 



Fig. 230. — Cyclodorippe 

 nitida. ^. (S. I. Smith.) 



little-known genus Cymopolia, of which no less than eight spe- 

 cies are recorded from depths varying from 50 to 300 fathoms. 



Cymo)i07nits quadratus and Cymopolus 

 asp 67' represent two new species with the 

 carapace projecting in a 

 sharp rostrum in front. 

 The latter species, taken 

 in 75 to 150 fathoms, 

 has normally developed Fig. 2.31.— Cyciodonp- 

 eyes, while in the former, ^^ "'*"'"• ^- <^"^*^> 

 taken in 200 to 500 fathoms, the eye-stalks 

 are immobile spiny rods tapering to obtuse 

 tips without visual elements ; so that we may trace here, as it 

 were, the mode of disappearance of the eyes in different groups 

 of crustaceans.^ The most remarkable species referred to this 

 group is Coi^ycodus hidlatus, of which an imperfect specimen 

 was taken between 175 and 250 fathoms. It has a somewhat 

 pentagonal thick and very swollen carapace, covered with flat- 

 tened tubercles resembling small rods. 



Among the great number of new forms of Anomura (crusta- 

 ceans intermediate between crabs and lobsters), none is more 

 striking than the great spiny Lithodes Agassizii. (Fig. 232.) 

 It is of a light pink color. Specimens have been taken with 

 the carapace nearly seven inches long and more than six inches 

 broad, and with the outstretched legs over three feet in extent. 

 The whole integument of this magnificent species is very smooth, 

 but the spines upon the carapace and legs are of needle-like 

 sharpness, so that the greatest care is needful to handle even 

 dead specimens without wounding the hands. Considering the 

 pugnacious habits of crabs, it must be a formidable enemy among 

 the members of its class. The spines are greatly elongated and 

 very slender in young specimens, giving them an appearance 

 very unlike that of the adult. This species was taken in 450 to 

 800 fathoms ; it extends from the southern coast of New Eng- 

 land to that of South Carolina." 



^ In the Pycnogonidae the shallow-water "^ Arctic species and genera were found 

 species have four eyes ; the deep-water by the " Blake " far south of their sup- 

 species none, or only rudimentary ones. posed range ; the genus Lithodes was 



