100 



THEEE CRUISES OF THE " BLAKE.' 



deep-water spataugoids is Hemiaster (Figs. 369, 370), a small 

 globular genus representing the earlier forms of spatangoids 



Fig. 370. — Hemiaster expergitus. |. (Lov^n.) 



Fig. 369. — Hemiaster zonatus. .^. 



characterized by a simple fasciole. Others belonging to the dis- 

 tinctly cretaceous family of Ananchytidae are the huge violet or 



Fig. 371. — Paleopneiistes hystrix. i. 



deep claret-colored ^ Paleopneustes, characterized by their emi- 

 nently spatangoid mouth, by 

 their simple ambulacral system 

 and someAvhat clypeastroid or 

 even echinidal spines, as in 

 PaJeoj^neiistes hystrix (Fig. 

 371), in which the spines re- 

 semble more those of a true 



Fig. 372. — Palteotropus JosephinaB. ^. tti i • ii i ' t 



xL chin US than a spatangoid. 

 Other typical modern Ananchytidse are the West Indian Palaeo- 

 brissus and Palaeotropus. (Fig. 372.) 



^ The colors of the deep-sea echini alcohol in which they were placed. The 

 and other echinoderms seem 'to be spe- color of the littoral or shallow-water spe- 

 cially fugitive, and greatly discolored the cies is far more permanent. 



