How Seedlings Get Established 



23 



QUESTIONS 



1. Describe germination. 2. What are root-hairs? 3. What 

 is their position on the roots? 4. What is the purpose of root-hairs? 

 5. At what place does the root grow? 6. How is this growing region 

 protected? 7. What are the conditions necessary for germination? 

 8. Does the air contain enough moisture for germination? 9. Name 

 some seeds whose seed-coats hinder quick germination. 10. How 

 may this hindrance be overcome? 11. Why do not most seeds 

 germinate in winter? 12. What is meant by ''minimum germination 

 temperature"? By "maximum germination temperature"? By 

 ''optimum"? 13. Discuss the relation of soil, and the time of 

 planting, to these temperatures. 14. Give in substance Professor 

 Haberlandt's experiment in regard to the effect of temperature on 

 the promptness of germination. 15. What necessary food does the 

 plant get from the air? Does the plant breathe in the same gas that 

 we do? 16. Name some of the causes of failure in germination. 



17. What are some of the conditions of successful seed-planting? 



18. What are coldfrarnes? hotbeds? 



Fig. 19. Hotbeds and coldframes. The upper figure is a coldframe. If let 

 down into the soil and warmed by fermenting compost, it is called a hot- 

 bed. A, Warm air; B, garden loam; C, fermenting compost; D, bank 

 of soil. 



