134 



Elementary Principles of Agriculture 



with waxed cloth to prevent drying out. The two layers 

 of cambium grow and unite, and the scion grows out into 

 a vigorous shoot. Cleft-grafting is used in propagating 



Fig. 81. Steps in propagating by graftage. A, B, and C, details of cleft graft; 

 D, same for tongue graft. 



many kinds of plants, such as apples, pears, peaches, 

 etc. If the graft is made below the ground on a rooted 

 stock it is not necessary to wrap with waxed cloth. The. 

 moist soil, pressed firmly about the union, prevents 

 drying out. 



199. In Tongue Grafting, we make a sloping cut on 

 both scion and stock. (Fig. 8 ID.) The tongue of one 

 is slipped into the cleft of the other, care being taken 

 to have the cambium layers together, at least on one 

 side. In piece-root grafting, as is usual with pears and 

 apples, the graft is wrapped to secure the two pieces in 

 an unmovable union until the callus growth has had 

 time to unite. They may be prevented from drying out 

 by storing in moist sand or sawdust. It is usual to make 

 the grafts during the winter months and plant them in 

 the nursery rows early in the spring. (Fig. 82.) 



