296 Elementary Principles of Agriculture 



Rotation (of crops). A systematic order of succession of crops on 



the same land. 



Roughage. Dry, coarse fodders. 

 Sap. The watery solutions in plants. 

 Saprophyte. Living on dead organic matter. 



Scion. A shoot, sprout or branch taken to graft onto another plant. 

 Science. " Systematized common sense." Knowledge gained and 



verified by exact observation and correct thinking. KNOWLEDGE 



deals with simple facts, without reference to inter-relations. 



ART refers to something to be done. SCIENCE to something to 



be known. 



Sepals. The segments of the calyx. 



Silage. Green feed cut up and preserved without loss of succulence. 

 Silo. A place for keeping silage. 

 Smut. A term to designate the fungi that produce the blasting of 



the fruits and leaves of plants. 



Soil. That part of the earth's crust permeated by the roots of plants. 

 Soiling. The practice of feeding green plants in the stables. 

 Spiracle. Breathing pores of an insect's body. 

 Spore. The one-celled reproductive body of the lower plants. 

 Sport. A marked variation from the parents that appears suddenly. 

 Stamen. The part of a flower bearing the anthers with pollen. 

 Starch. A carbohydrate found in plants. 



Sterilize. To destroy all the germs or spores in or on anything. 

 Sterile Plants. Plants that do not set seed. 

 Stigma. The part of a pistil that receives the pollen. 

 Stover. 

 Stoma (plural, stomata). The minute openings in the epidermis 



of leaves. 



Subsoil. The layer of soil below the surface layer of cultivated soils. 

 Superphosphate. Phosphates that have been treated with sulphuric 



acid to render the phosphates available. 

 Thorax. The middle part of an insect's body. 

 Tillage. The act of preparing the ground to receive the seed and the 



cultivation of the plants. 



Tuber. A thickened underground stem, as an Irish potato. 

 Tubercle. A small wart-like growth on the roots of legumes, caused 



by the nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 

 Variety. A kind or sort of plant. 

 Viable. Capable of germinating. Having life. 



