414 



SCIENCE OF AGRICULTURE. 



Part II. 



and cleanings 

 dimensions in modern times. 



arrangement consists of a scries of boxes or cavities, formed m or agamst the wall ge- 

 nerally about a foot high and deep, and two feet or less long; one half of the front is left 

 open as an entrance, and tlie other is closed to protect the female during uicubation. 

 (See Pigeon, Part III.) 



2687. Tlie apiary is a building or structure 

 seldom wanted, excepting to protect hives 

 from thieves; then a nitch or recess in a 

 wall to be secured in front by two or more 

 iron bars, is a simple and effectual mode. 

 Sometimes apiaries are made ornamental 

 {Jig. 357.), but the best bee masters set little 

 value on such structures, and prefer keeping 

 their bees detached in single hives for suf- 

 ficient reasons. These hives may be chained to 

 fixed stools in Huish's manner. (See See, 

 Part IV.) 



Sect. II. Buildings as Repositories , and for j^erf arming in-door Oi^erations. 



2688. Buildings for dead stock and crop occupy a considerable portion of the farmery, 

 and include the barn, granary, straw and root-houses, cart-slieds, tool-house, harness- 

 room, and when farming is conducted on a very extensive scale, the smiths' and carpen- 

 ters' work-rooms. 



2689. The corn barn, or building for containing, threshing, 

 corn, has undergone considerable change in form and 

 Formerly it was in many cases made so large 

 as to contain at once all the corn grown on 

 a farm ; and in most cases it was so ample as 

 to contain a great portion of it. But since the 

 mode of forming small corn stacks became more 

 general, and also the introduction of threshing 

 machines, this description of building is made 

 much smaller. The barn, especially where the corn 

 is to be threshed by a machine, is best placed 

 on the north side of the farmery, as being most 

 centrical for the supply of the straw yards, as well 

 as the stables and cattle sheds. In this situation 

 it has also the best effect in an architectural and 

 picturesque point of view (fg. 358. ) Suppose an 

 octagon form chosen for a farmery with the barn 

 (1), straw-room and granary over (2) ,and mill-shed 

 (3), to the north; then on the left of the barn may 

 be the stable for work-horses (4), and riding-horse 

 stable (5), cattle-house (6), cow-house (7), sick 

 horse (8), sick cow (9), cattle-sheds (10), cart- 

 shed (11), boiling and steaming house (12), rooU 

 house (13), chaff and other stores for steaming, or 

 mechanic's work-shop (14), piggeries (15), poultry 

 and rabbiting ( 16). TTie yard may be divided in two 

 by a wall running north and south, with a pump, 

 well, or other supply of water in the centre (l7). 

 The rick-yard (27), should be to the north of such 

 a farmery for easy conveyance to the barn: 

 the main entrance (28) should be from the soutli 

 opposite the dwelling-house ; side entrances (26) 

 should lead to different parts of the farm and 

 to the main roads of the country, and there 

 should be ponds (25) for washing the horses' feet 

 and for the poultry. We have elsewhere shown 

 the same accommodations arranged in a square 

 and circular outline (780.). "''^^ " ' ' > ' ' ' ' ' 



2690. The English corn barn for containing a large quantity of corn in the straw, and for threshing it out 

 by flails^ may either be constructed on wooden frames covered with planks of oak, or be built of brick or 

 stone, whichever the country affords in the greatest plenty ; and in cither case there should be such vent- 

 holes, or openings in their sides or walls, as to afford free admittance to the air, in order to prevent the 

 mouldiness that would otherwise, from the least dampness,"lodge in the grain. The gable-ends are pro- 

 bably best of brick or stone, on account of greater solidity ; the whole may be roofed with either thatch or 

 tiles, as can be most conveniently procured. It should havetwo large folding-doors facing each other, one 

 in each side of the building, for the convenience of carrying in or out a large load of corn in sheaves ; and 

 these doors should be of the same breadth with tlie threshing-floor, to ulford the more light and air; the 



