682 



PRACTICE OF AGRICULTURE. 



Part III 



to be delineated, so as to show the existing buildings, yards, roadways, and entrances ; 

 and then, by maturely studying the plan alternately with the site itself, to endeavor to 

 trace out the most suitable alterations ; all the while keeping in view the perfection of 

 arrangement, the situation and value of the existing buildings, and the expenses of alter- 

 ation ; returning to the charge repeatedly, until the judgment be fully satisfied. It is 

 much easier to plan and erect a new farmstead, than to improve one which is already 

 erected. The former requires science and ingenuity only ; the latter good sense and 

 judgment also. 



4212. In executing improvements on oldfarmenes some difficulty occurs as to the in- 

 corporation of new and old materials. If the situation and plan are likely to be of per- 

 manent approval, the new erections may be made in the most substantial manner; 

 keeping it in view that the old, which are repaired at the time, may afterwards be wholly 

 renewed. But if the repairs and improvements are not to extend further than the 

 duration of a lease, or till, by the expiry of various leases, some general plan of im- 

 provement can be determined on, then old materials or less permanent erections may be 

 adopted. 



4213. As an example of adding part of a newly-enclosed common-Jteld to a small ancientli/ 

 enclosed grass-farm {fig. 544. j, we give the following case : 



544 



4214. The farmery {a) and ancient enclosed fields (b), are separated from the common 

 field by a road, and bounded on the other side by a lake. The soil is a soft black earth 

 on a gravelly subsoil ; the surface a gentle slope towards the lake. The farm-house is sup- 

 posed to be already placed in this ancient part ; and the object in view is to unite a large 

 portion of the common field, when enclosed to each ancient farm, so as to get a fair rent 

 for the lands at the least expense. The soil of this common field is a light poor sand, 

 with nearly a flat surface. The circumstances of the country are favorable to large farms, 

 the climate is dry, and the situation such as to require shelter. The number of acres to 

 be enclosed and added to this farm is 1 200. These will be most advantageously culti- 

 vated in six shifts of, 1, turnips (c) ; 2, barley (d) ; 3, artificial grasses (e) ; 4 and 5, the 

 same (/, g) ; 6, wheat or oats (A). Each shift is proposed to be separated by a plantation 



