THE SMALL GRAINS 159 



a Bluestem variety originated at the Minnesota Experiment 

 Station ; Minnesota No. 163, a Fife variety originated at the 

 same station ; and North Dakota No. 66, a Fife variety origi- 

 nated at the North Dakota Experiment Station. These varieties, 

 when grown in this area, produce the best milling wheat in the 

 United States. A third class, the so-called velvet-chaff wheat, is 

 grown to a considerable extent in central Minnesota and central 

 South Dakota. This wheat is a bearded Fife with smooth, white 

 chaff, noted for earliness, high yield, and weight per bushel. It 



FIG. 75. Wheat in the shock (Minnesota) 



sells for less than other varieties because of its slightly inferior 

 milling qualities. The durum wheat of the United States is 

 also produced in this district, principally in northeastern South 

 Dakota and in southeastern North Dakota. Durum wheat was 

 first grown in this area in 1899-1900, and the annual produc- 

 tion is now about 40,000,000 bushels. It yields from 1 5 to 100 

 per cent more than common spring wheat in this area, and is 

 noted chiefly for its resistance to drought and rust. 



193. Hard-winter-wheat district. The hard- winter-wheat 

 district borders the hard-spring-wheat district on the west, the 

 south, and the southeast, the two somewhat overlapping. A line 



