THE WOOD CROP 281 



363. The central forest region. This is frequently spoken 

 of as the Central Hardwood Region of the United States. 1 

 This region has furnished and is still furnishing the trade 

 with its hardwood timber. The trees of the central forest are 

 white oak, black oak, red oak, hickory, chestnut, walnut, yel- 

 low poplar, cherry, ash, elm, maple, beech, locust, linden, and 

 cotton wood. 



364. The Southern forest region. The principal species of 

 this region are the Southern yellow pine and the cypress, which 

 are at the present time supplying the lumber for most of the trade 

 east of the Missouri River. In this region the naval-stores in- 

 dustry 12 was developed, and this is still the most important region 

 in the world for these products. The trees of the Southern forest 

 are yellow pine, white oak, live oak, red oak, hickory, cypress, 

 white and red cedar, gum, elm, and ash. 



365. The Pacific coast forest region. The Pacific coast region 

 produces the most wonderful tree growth in the world. The 

 California Redwoods and the California Big Trees attain the 

 largest size, and are the oldest known living trees. Some of 

 these trees are thought to exceed four thousand years in age. 

 This is the home of the Douglas fir, which at the present time 

 yields a greater cut of lumber than does any other single tree. 

 Pines and cedars are also important trees of this region. The 

 trees of the Pacific coast forest are Douglas fir, spruce, larch, 

 red cedar, hemlock, redwood, big tree, white and yellow pine, 

 maple, birch, and alder. 



366. The Rocky Mountain forest region. These forests are 

 widely scattered, but much valuable timber is cut from them. 

 The important trees in the region are yellow pine, Douglas fir, 

 spruce, juniper, pifion pine, aspen, and cottonwood. 



1 " Hard wood " is the trade name applied to lumber cut from the broad-leaved 

 species, such as oak, hickory, elm, cottonwood, and basswood. Lumber cut 

 from the coniferous, or cone-bearing, species is known as soft wood. 



2 Under the name of " naval stores " are comprised all the resinous products 

 and their derivatives that are gathered from coniferous trees. These are resin, 

 turpentine, common pitch, brewer's pitch, tar, and oil of tar. See chapter on 

 Naval Stores in House Document 181. 



