642 



INDEX. 



The Numbers refer 



Tubercular matter, 610; tendency in the 



system to deposit, 714 

 Tympanum, membrane of, 356 ; cavity of, 



357, 358 



U 



Umbilical cord, 765 



vesicle, 762, 765 



Unguiculaled Mammalia, 60 



Ungulated Mammalia, 59 



Urea, composition of, 673 



Uric acid, composition of, 673 ; pathological 

 changes in, 675 



Urine, nature and purposes of its secretion, 

 670 ; effects of its retention, 670 ; com- 

 position of, in health, 671 ; amount of 

 urea contained in, 672 ; uric acid in, 673 ; 

 hippuric acid in, 675 ; lactic acid in, 676 ; 

 saline compounds in, 677 ; comparative 

 constitution of urine and bile, 677 ; 

 amount of azotized matter in, 679 ; in- 

 fluence of diet on, 669,680 ; transference 

 of secretion, 681 ; excretion of saline 

 matter with, 682 



Uterus, changes of, preparatory to gestation, 

 749 ; increase in substance during gesta- 

 tion, 751 ; contractions of, how far de- 

 pendent on nervous agency, 203 



Vagus nerve, see Par Vagum 



Valentin, his researches on Spinal Cord, 

 167; on respiratory nerves, 189; on the 

 Sympathetic, 200, 202, 203,212; on Ol- 

 factory nerve, 222 ; on Portio Dura, 227 ; 

 on Spinal Accessory, 239 ; on Hypoglos- 

 sal, 241 ; on nerves and motions of eye- 

 ball, 249251, 255; on quantity of blood 

 in system, 581 ; on circulation in nerve- 

 tubes, 642 



Valves of heart, action of, 487 489; sounds 

 produced by, 484486 



Vapour, exhalation of, from lungs, 549 



Varicose nerve-tubes, 110 



Vascular area, 763 



plants, 88 



Vegetable proximate principles, 457 



Vegetables, distinguished from animals, 13 

 16; food of, 14; movements of, 13; early 

 development of, 15 ; formation of cells in, 

 556 558; general functions of, 76; di- 

 vision of into cellular and vascular, 88 ; 

 circulation in, 496, 497 ; respiration in, 

 522 ; reproduction in, 732 



Veins, distribution of, 514; movement of 

 blood in, 515, 516 ; absorbent power of, 

 462, 463, 466, 469 



Ventricles of heart, contraction of, 480, 481 

 486 ; force of, 487 ; thickness of, 488 ; 

 capacity*of, 490 



Ventricles of brain, third, 214; fourth, 216 



to the Paragraphs. 



Vertebra, 32 ; origin of, 760 

 Vertebral columns in Fishes, 33 

 Vertebrata, 17,3136 ; skeleton of, 3133; 

 extremities of, 33 ; predominance of ner- 

 vous system in, 31, 34 ; organs of animal 

 and vegetative life in, 36; symmetry in, 

 36; intelligence of, 34; nervous system 

 of, 17 et seq. 



Vesicles of Brain in Embryo, 214 

 Viability of Infant, earliest period of, 755 

 Villi of mucous membrane, 461,462 

 Visceral system of nerves, 156, 159, 160; 

 see Sympathetic 



arches, 760 



Visible direction, law of, 336 

 Vision, sense of, 326348; optical condi- 

 tions of, 326 330 ; defective, 331 ; limits 

 of, 332, 333 ; mental conditions of, 334, 

 335, 343 ; connection of, with touch, 334 

 336; single, 337,338; appreciation of 

 form by, 339, 340 ; of distance, 341 ; of 

 size, 342 ; persistence of impressions, 344; 

 complementary colours, 345 ; want of 

 power to distinguish colours, 346; vanish- 

 ing of images, 347; visual perception of 

 retina, 348 

 Vis nervosa, 126 

 Vital Action involves change, 73 



-, dependence of, on conditions, 



74 



Vital Actions, classification of into Func- 

 tions, 75 



Vitalization, 561 ; dependent on cell-life, 

 578, 579 



Vitality, duration of, in individual parts, 

 645, 646 



of general system, destroyed by 



sudden shock, 386, 387, 583 



Vital properties, 561 ; retention of, 83 



Vitreous humour, 627 



Voice, 401412; conformation of larynx, 

 402405; sounds resembling, produced 

 by strings, 405 ; by flute-pipes, 406 ; by 

 reeds, 407; action of chordae vocales, 408 ; 

 artificial larynx, 408; pitch, how regu- 

 lated, 409 ; falsetto notes, how produced, 

 410; influence of air-passages on, 412; 

 movements concerned in, how directed, 

 412 



Voluntary actions, distinguished from auto- 

 matic, 285; originate in cerebrum, 288 



Vomiting, 301 



Vowel sounds, 414 416 



W 



Wagner, his account of development of 



Spermatozoa, 735 



Wasmann, his researches on pepsin, 456 

 Whale, Spermaceti, peculiar sensibility of, 



320 



Wheatstone, Prof., his Stereoscope, 253, 340 

 White globules of blood, 577579 



