54 PROFITABLE DAIRYING 



largest of the dairy breeds, if not of all breeds. 

 They are more quiet and less nervous than most 

 of the dairy cattle. Their hardy constitutions 

 tend to make them persistent milkers. There 

 are several herds in the United States that have 

 averaged from 6,500 to 7,500 pounds of milk per 

 cow. Single cows have produced from 10,000 to 

 12,000 pounds annually. 



Calves from the Shorthorn cow form an important 

 product of the dairy where skimmed milk is utilized 

 in their feed. The males usually take on flesh read- 

 ily, and are among the most profitable feeders and 

 consumers of skimmed milk and other products 

 adapted to their use. They are supposed to be de- 

 scendants of the old Teeswater breed, and have been 

 known as " Durhams," " Teeswater," " Yorkshire," 

 and " Holderness." 



They are, perhaps, found on the Western ranches 

 in greater numbers than any other breed. Breeders in 

 that section of country have, by selection, produced 

 finer specimens than are to be found to-day in Eng- 

 land, the native home of the Shorthorn. Their present 

 improved form is largely due to the skillful breeding 

 of Robert and Charles Colling, of England, who 

 brought them into a new era of fame and prosperity. 

 Single specimens of the breed have reached consid- 

 erably over 3,000 pounds. One pair of Shorthorn oxen 

 owned in Steuben County, New York, weighed near- 

 ly 6,500 pounds, and there was less than 50 pounds 

 difference in their weight. The milk strains of this 

 breed are rnore rangy and angular in form than the 

 beef types. The udders are large, teats good size, 



