NECESSARY APPLIANCES 153 



can afford to have one. Neighbors having small 

 dairies can get along very well with one instrument 

 to two or three dairies. Where a man has ten or 

 more cows it is better to have one of his own. Full 

 directions come with each machine. Nothing needs 

 to be said as to its operation. It is best to get some 

 friend familiar with its use to come and operate it 

 the first time. A test from a single milking is not 

 sufficient. It should be made from a mixture of 

 equal parts of not less than four milkings. In 

 reading the test, the bottle should be held level with 

 the eye, and the reading made accurately. This will 

 be quickly learned. It should be read as soon as 

 possible after the last whirling ceases. The fluid 

 contracts as it cools and soon gets so that it cannot 

 be read accurately. 



When pouring in the acid, the bottle should be 

 held in a slanting position, so that the acid will flow 

 down the side of the bottle, which should be slowly 

 turned as it is filled. This prevents too much of the 

 acid coming in contact with a small portion of the 

 milk and burning it. The bottle must be held 

 firmly, so that it will not slip. The acid must be 

 thoroughly mixed with the milk by rotating the 

 bottle. When well mixed the liquid will have a 

 bright, wine-colored appearance. The test must be 

 made in a warm room, and some one should be pres- 

 ent to take the record of the readings. From the 

 results the number of pounds of butter fat the cow 

 is producing daily can be readily computed. The 

 butter production is calculated by adding one-sixth. 

 If the result does not show what is expected or 

 desired, the cow should be watched, and, if no im- 



