FOODS AND DIETETICS. 93 



by the quantities of material consumed. The diet scale of Ranke, for 

 example, yields the following amount : 



100 grams of proteid yield 412.4 calories. 

 100 " fat " 935-3 



240 " starch " 987.8 



Total 2,335.5 



It has also been determined experimentally that one gram of 

 proteid, one gram of fat, and one gram of starch, when completely 

 oxidized, will yield energy sufficient to perform, 1,850, 3,841, and 

 1,567 kilogrammeters of work, respectively. A kilogrammeter of 

 work is one kilogram raised one meter high. 



The total energy of the Ranke diet scale can be easily calculated 

 e. ., 



100 grams of proteid yield 185,000 kilogrammeters. 



100 " fat ' 384,100 



240 " starch " 397,680 



Total . . . . . 966,780 



It will be thus seen that the food consumed daily yields 2,335 

 kilogram calories, which can be translated into its mechanical equiva- 

 lent, 966,780 kilogrammeters of work. 



The amount of food required in twenty-four hours is estimated 

 from the total quantity of carbon and nitrogen excreted from the 

 body in twenty-four hours, these two elements representing the 

 waste or destruction of the carbonaceous and nitrogenized compounds. 

 It has been determined by experimentation that about 4,600 grains 

 of carbon and about 300 grains of nitrogen are eliminated from the 

 body daily, the ratio being about 15 to i. That the body may be 

 kept in its normal condition, a proper proportion of carbonaceous 

 (bread) to nitrogenized (meat) food should be observed in the diet. 



The method of determining the proper amounts of both kinds of 

 food is as follows : 



1,000 grs. of bread (2 oz.) contain 300 grs. C. and 10 grs. N. 



To obtain the requisite amount of nitrogen from bread, 30,000 

 grains, or about four pounds, containing 9,000 grains of carbon and 



