BIOPSYCHOLOGICAL 663 



agreed that we have sense, experience, and feeling, whereby the 

 outer world, of place, work and folk, comes into touch with us. 

 We know that all these can and do influence each other, and our 

 resulting conceptions of place, work, and folk develop accordingly. 

 Yet a little reflection shows: (i) that we especially sense our environ- 

 ment, our place] and also (2) that we gain experience from our 

 functioning, our work; and (3) that it is essentially from our folk, 

 in our human relations, that our feelings have been developed. 

 Hence our formula of the life-process conveniently begins as: 



_E / O 

 S^ ex fg 

 and develops to 



E F O O / g 



S^ ex fg ' fg ex se 



The capital letters express that stimulus issues from Environment, 

 and is (or may be) sensed; while response comes from Organism and 

 this (as if) aroused by antecedent and continued Feeling. And is 

 not the active response, the functioning on environment, often 

 manifestly as if guided from experience ? 



Instincts, of course, need no such guidance; though even for 

 these it is diflicult for the evolutionist completely to exclude the 

 long-accepted doctrine of ancestral acquirement through habit. The 

 resulting change on environment, wrought by the organism's active 

 functioning on environment, be this instinctively or more or less 

 intelligently, may be appreciated by our senses (though not in all 

 cases). 



But in our first half-formula we all habitually think in the terms 

 of the mechanistic physiologist. Our ordinary recognition of a 

 stimulus is biopsy chological, say of a fly on one's nose; while our 

 response for its dismissal has as obviously a psychobiological 

 character, elemental though this be. More developed illustrations 

 may next be worked out in detail. Yet to do this, upwards from 

 organisms at their simplest, from Amoebas and infusorians upwards, 

 or again for man, and from his simplest to highest, is a long story, 

 a vast range of evolutionary complexity. How shall we devise an 

 orderly and graphic method available throughout? Is not this 

 already in germ in the formula before us? Let us see. 



Let us begin with our human sense, experience and feeling, 

 considered in their simplest relations to place, work, and folk, and 

 thus essentially as biopsychoses. Yet environment not only passively 

 impresses sense, as may a falling water-drop; it arouses sense, to 

 sense the environment, and so observe the rain. The young babe 

 soon feels the mother's caress, but at three months is returning it 

 with a smile. And so, after pleasant and painful experiences, these 



