RACES AND PEOPLES 213 



extends from Java on the southeast to the valley of the 

 Thames on the northwest. In this zone the traces of 

 earliest man have been found. If these traces indicate 

 that this region was his original habitat, then man spread 

 over the earth starting from this zone. 8 If contingents 

 of the original race wandered from this zone into new 

 localities, and were prevented from crossing by environ- 

 mental barriers they would become different from the 

 original type, the one having wandered north into a 

 colder clime, the other south into a warmer clime. Then, 

 in the course of time, these two groups would become 

 differentiated more widely from each other than from the 

 original type. This we find to be true. The round- 

 headed lank-haired peoples of the North are separated 

 by an intermediate type from the long-headed curly- 

 haired peoples of the South. 



Now by the same reasoning, the original group, the 

 intermediate and plastic type, would become in some way 

 differentiated according as part went southeast or north- 

 west, and these northwestern and southeastern groups 

 would tend to differ somewhat although transmitting the 

 characteristic head form. That is, different sections of 

 the same general racial group would show slight varia- 

 tions from the stable peculiarities of the larger racial 

 group of which they were parts. This has been the case. 9 

 In the southeast the brunette of southern Europe becomes 

 the brown in Polynesia, while in the northwest the pre- 

 vailing white of Europe becomes the pronounced blond 

 of the Baltic regions. In the far southeast, the char- 

 acteristic of long head and kinky hair is more extreme 

 in Australia and Tasmania, because of long isolation, 

 than in Africa. Also in the other direction there are 



s See figure 69. See figure 70. 



