346 



THE FRUIT GROWERS GUIDE. 



bushels of prepared fruit each, and are double cased for affording space for the steam, which is turned on 

 or off by a tap. Boiling commences quickly, and is fast or slow, as desired, being controlled by the tap. All 

 works smoothly and briskly, and everything is scrupulously clean. The object aimed at is the production of jani, 

 the best of its kind and grade at the least cost, therefore able to sell at a price suited to customers, and at a small 

 profit. This cannot be effected by the old methods so as to supply shop-keepers with the manufactured article to 

 sell at prices not materially higher than good raw fruit in all but ' glut ' years." 



RETAIL AND EXPORT PRICES OF FINEST QUALITY JAMS. 



Glasses and tins not charged or allowed for ; jam-pots allowed for at the rate of 6d. per dozen ; 4-pound jars 

 allowed 2d. each. 



If half value is taken from the above prices, it will fairly represent those at which the several jams are sold 

 by tons at the jam factories, and from the prices realised there has to be deducted interest on capital, wear 

 and tear of plant, cost and manufacture of fruit into jam, expense of glasses, pots and jars, sealage, storing, and 

 packing. 



A jam factory is a necessary adjunct to a large fruit farm or fruit-growing district. In the case of an establish- 

 ment conducted on co-operative lines, the growers would derive the profits from their culture to which they are 

 entitled only when they take steps to secure them. It is economical, therefore profitable, to have an outlet for 

 fruit that cannot be sold at market at a paying price. Such outlet is provided by the jam factory where the fruit 

 can be made into jam at once, or merely boiled down with sugar, and put into hermetically-sealed vessels in which it 

 can be kept until a demand arises. Such pulp can be made into jam by the addition of sugar. 



The process of jam-making is simple, and understood by most housekeepers. A good-sized copper (Fig. 85) is all 

 that is required on a small scale to convert fruit into jam, and good jam in glasses and jars commands a remunerative 

 price. Fanners might utilise the boilers of the engines used for farm purposes in converting fruit into jam by adapting 

 machinery and boilers suitable for them. There is no difficulty in disposing of good jam. But jam factories on the 

 mutual benefit system, to which fruit may be consigned by growers, are the great desiderata of the times, and they 

 will, no doubt, soon be started in this country. The illustrations are supplied by Messrs. Brinjes & Goodwin, 

 Whitechapel Engine Works, Fieldgate Street, E. 



Canning. This means preserving fruit in tin cans and glass jars, and is an impor- 

 tant industry in the United States, Canada, and other countries. In 1890, 4,436,671 

 pounds of fruit, preserved with sugar, of the value of 70,972, was imported into this 

 country from the United States. Canned fruit will keep for long periods, as air and 



