CONTENTS. 



INTBODUCTIOV 



Hoots and Branches 

 Leaves ... 

 Flowers ... 



Fruit 



The Splittin',' of Froit Osmosis 



GENERAL PRACTICI: 



Soils and Sub- 

 Improving Soils Draining 

 Preparing Soils ... 

 Manures 



Lime ... 



Phosphates ... 



Potash 



Magnesia 



Iron ... 



Soda 



Silica ... 



Nitrate of Soda 



Sulphate of Ammonia 



Farmyard Manure 



Refuse 

 Applying Manures 



Surface Dressings 



Summer Dressings 



Mineral Constituents of Fruit 



Liquid Manure 



Mulching 



Watering 

 Climate ... 



Dew 



Frost 



Light 



Heat 



Temperature .. 



Ventilation 



Syringing 



Bain Water 



Softening Water 



Ammonia Vapour 

 Situation and Shelter 



Form of Fruit Gardens 



Borders for Fruit-trees 



Fruit Garden anil Orchard 



Renovating Old Fruit Garden 



Digging among Fruit Trees ... 



PAOI 



1 



12 

 14 



18 



21 



25 



21 



27 



30 



86 



41 



48 



45 



46 



47 



47 



48 



48 



49 



50 



50 



51 



51 



52 



52 



58 



56 



57 



57 



58 



58 



59 



60 



60 



61 



61 



62 



64 



64 



65 



65 



70 



72 



75 



77 



80 



Situation and Shelter continued. 



Hoeing ... ... . ... 81 



Orchards 82 



Renovating Old Orchards ... . 90 



Raising Fruit Trees ... ... . 96 



Cuttings 99 



Layers ... ... ... 102 



Suckers 105 



Bunners 106 



Stocks and their Influence ... ... 107 



Budding 115 



Grafting ... 120 



Tongue and Whip Grafting ... ... 122 



Double Grafting 128 



Wedge Grafting 180 



Working Large Stocks ... .... 180 



Cleft Grafting 181 



Bind or Crown Grafting 181 



Improved Crown Grafting ... ... 132 



Notch Grafting 182 



Side Grafting 184 



Inlaying 186 



Inarching ... ... ... ... 186 



Planting ... 137 



Laying out ... ... ... ... 187 



Tree Markers 142 



Hill-sides 143 



Choosing Trees ... ... ... 144 



Taking up Trees 146 



Time of Planting 147 



Planting against Wul!s :iu.l Fiuccs ... 158 



Preserving the Names of Fruit Trees 1 55 



Pruning ... ... ... ... ... 15G 



Methods of Pruning " the Cut " ... 157 



Right and Wrong Practice 159 



ftnmmer Pnminpf ... ... . . 168 



Pruning Npurs ... ... ... I'.'C 



Lifting Fruit Trees 172 



Root Pruning . 174 



Shaping and Training ... .. 178 



Cup "Form ... .. 179 



Forked Form 180 



Training 188 



Disbudding 186 



Protection ... ... .. ... 190 



Birds and Bud* 190 



