XVI THE FRUIT MANUAL. 



form of a star ; they are then said to be divergent. In Fig. 14 we 

 have another form, in which the segments are never reflexed, but are 

 erect with their margins merely touching and their points divergent ; 

 and these are erect convergent. Then there is the flat convergent 

 position (Figs. 15 and 16), in which the segments are flat, closing the 

 eye, but with their margins merely touching and not overlapping each 

 other. And lastly we have the connivent form (Figs. 17 and 18), in 

 which the segments are all close together, overlapping each other and 

 forming a compact cone. 



The minor divisions require no great explanation. They classify 

 the fruit according to form as they are round or oblate, conical or 

 ovate, and these again are further divided according to their surface 

 colouring. This latter character requires a little explanation. When 

 fruit is said to be pale it signifies that it is of an uniform colour of 

 yellow or green, notwithstanding that it may be faintly tinged on the 

 eun side with orange or pale red. It is said to be striped when the 

 only additional colour to that of the ground colour consists of distinct 

 red stripes without any ground colour of red. It is said to be coloured 

 when the skin is wholly or partially a decided red, and this may be 

 accompanied with stripes or with some russet. The russet skin is that 

 in which a russet coat prevails. When a russet coat has a brown or 

 red cheek the fruit is not on that account to be classed in the coloured 

 section. In every case I have indicated the time of year during which 

 the fruit is in use as a further help to the identification of it. 



