36 THE FRUIT MANUAL. 



The tree is a close and compact grower, and a profusion of burrs are produced 

 on the branches which emit incipient roots. If a branch furnished with these burrs 

 is inserted in the ground it will take root and become a tree. The name of " Bide's 

 Walking-stick" originated from a person of that name having cut a branch for 

 a walking-stick in Cheshire and brought it to his place near Hertford, when having 

 inserted it in the ground, it took root and became a tree. 



Butters. See Baldwin. 



BYSON WOOD RUSSET. Fruit, below medium size; oblato- 

 ovate, regularly and handsomely shaped. Skin, green, entirely covered 

 with ashy grey russet, and strewed with greyish white freckles. Eye, 

 small, and slightly closed, set in a round and even basin. Stamens, 

 marginal ; tube, funnel-shaped. Stalk, an inch long, slender, inserted 

 in a rather shallow and angular cavity. Flesh, greenish, firm, crisp, 

 and juicy, with a brisk, sugary, and aromatic flavour. Cells, ovate ; 

 axile, slit. 



A dessert apple of the first quality ; in use from December to 

 February. 



Caldwell. See Eymer. 



Calville Blanche. See Calville Blanche d'Hiver. 



CALVILLE BLANCHE D'ETE (White Summer Calville). Fruit, 

 medium sized, about three inches broad, and two inches high ; roundish 

 and flattened at the ends, with prominent ribs on the sides, which 

 extend to the eye and form ridges round the apex the true character 

 of the Calvilles. Skin, tender and delicate ; when ripe, of a very pale 

 straw colour, and without the least tinge of red on the side exposed to 

 the sun, but sometimes marked with a few traces of delicate russet, but 

 no dots. Eye, large, and closed with long, broad segments, and set in 

 a pretty deep and very angular basin. Stamens, median ; tube, funnel- 

 shaped. Stalk, three-quarters of an inch long, stout, inserted in a wide 

 and rather shallow cavity, which is lined with thin russet. Flesh, 

 white, tender, and delicate, with a sweet and pleasant flavour. Cells, 

 roundish; axile. 



A very good early culinary apple, but not of the finest quality, being 

 too soft and tender ; it is ripe during August, and lasts till the middle 

 of September. 



The tree is a very strong and vigorous grower, with a large round 

 head, and Is an excellent bearer. It is distinguished by its very large 

 foliage, the leaves being four and a half inches long by three and a 

 quarter broad. 



This is an old continental variety, but has been very little noticed by writers on 

 Pomology. It is mentioned in the Jardinier Fran$ais of 1653, and by De La 

 Quintinye ; but the first work in which it is either figured or described is Knoop's 

 " Pomologie." Duhamel does not notice it, although it is enumerated in the 

 catalogue of the Chartreuse, from whose garden he received the materials for 

 producing his work on fruits. 



CALVILLE BLANCHE D'HIVER (Bonnet Carre; Calville 



