APPLES. 183 



lined with russet. Flesh, white, tender, very juicy, with a mild acidity. 

 Cells, ovate ; axile. 



A very handsome culinary apple in October and November. It has 

 a strong resemblance to Cox's Pomona, but is larger. 



This was introduced in 1880 by Messrs. Saltmarsh & Son, of Chelmsford, and 

 it received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society, Nov. 10, 

 1880. 



Queen Anne. See American Mother. 



QUEEN CAROLINE. Fruit, medium sized, three inches wide, 

 and two inches and a quarter high ; oblate, regular and symmetrical 

 in its outline. Skin, smooth, greenish yellow, strewed with large russet 

 dots, russety over the base. Eye, wide open, with short divergent 

 segments, set in a wide, round, even, and pretty deep basin. Stamens, 

 basal ; tube, conical. Stalk, short, inserted all its length in the 

 russety cavity. Flesh, tender, with a mild acidity. Cells, obovate ; 

 axile, slit. 



A cooking apple of no great merit ; in use during October and 

 November. 



QUEENING, or more correctly QUOINING, is a class of apples 

 which are prominently angular. The name has been in use for cen- 

 turies, and is derived from the word coin or quoin, which signifies a 

 corner or angle. Rea, in bis Pomona, when speaking of the Winter 

 Quoining, says, " it succeeds incomparably on the Paradise Apple as 

 the Colviele (Calville) and all other sorts of Queenings do." He 

 evidently regarded the Calville as a Quoining on account of the angu- 

 larity of its shape. 



QUEEN OF SAUCE. Fruit, large, three inches and a quarter 

 broad, and two inches and a half high ; obtuse ovate, broad and flat 

 at the base, narrowing towards the crown, and angular on the sides. 

 Skin, greenish yellow on the shaded side, but on the side exposed to 

 the sun it is flushed with red, which is marked with broken streaks of 

 deeper red ; it is strewed all over with patches of thin delicate russet, 

 and large russety specks, those round the eye being linear. Eye, 

 open, set in a deep and angular basin, which is russety at the base. 

 Stamens, marginal ; tube, funnel-shaped. Stalk, about a quarter of an 

 inch long, deeply inserted in a round cavity, which is lined with coarse 

 russet. Flesh, yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and sugary, with a brisk 

 and pleasant flavour. Cells, ovate ; axile. 



A culinary apple of first-rate quality, and suitable also for the 

 dessert ; it is in use from November till January. It is extensively 

 grown in Herefordshire. 



QUEEN OF THE PIPPINS. Fruit, small, two inches and a 

 quarter wide, and two inches high ; round, inclining to oblate, even 

 and regular in its outline. Skin, sprinkled all over with a thin coat of 



