290 THE FKUIT MANUAL. 



CHAMPAGNE. A small or medium-sized Red Heart Cherry, of a 

 pale red colour, somewhat mottled. Stalk, about two inches long, green, 

 and slender. Flesh, very tender, and with a brisk flavour. 



This was raised by Mr. Charles Downing, of Newburg, U.S.A. 



CHURCHILL'S HEART. Fruit, large, heart-shaped. Skin, 

 shining, of a clear waxen pale yellow on the shaded side, but where 

 exposed to the sun, of a bright red, mottled with dark red and orange. 

 Stalk, two inches long, inserted in a shallow depression. Flesh, pale 

 yellow, firm, sweet, and richly flavoured, but not very juicy. 



An excellent cherry, but now little cultivated. It ripens in the 

 middle and end of July. The tree is hardy, and a good bearer, 

 succeeds well as a standard, and in the estimation of Rogers is well 

 adapted for orchard planting. 



Circassian. See Black Tartarian. 



CLEVELAND BIGARREAU (Cleveland). Large, obtuse heart- 

 shaped, sometimes with a swelling on one side near the stalk. Skin, 

 pale yellow, with bright red next the sun, and mottled with crimson. 

 Stalk, two inches long. Flesh, yellowish white, half-tender, juicy, 

 sweet, and richly flavoured. 



A very excellent cherry. Ripe the third or last week in June and 

 early in July. 



CLUSTER (a Bouquet; a Trochet of Noisette, but not of Duhamel ; 

 Trauben Amarelle; Kluftchenskirsche; Traubenkirsche ; BouquetMrsche ; 

 Troschkirsche ; Biischerkirsche ; Buscli Weichsel ; Flandrische Weichsel ; 

 Chevreuse Male ; Troskerskirsche ; Flanders Cluster). Fruit, produced 

 in clusters at the extremity of one common stalk, round, flattened at 

 the stalk. Skin, thin, of a pale red at first, but changing the longer 

 it hangs to dark red. Flesh, white, tender, and juicy, at first very 

 acid, but becoming milder as it hangs on the tree. Stone, small, 

 round, and a little compressed. It ripens in the end of July. 



This is cultivated more as an object of curiosity than for any real value it pos- 

 sesses. If of use at all the only purpose it is fit for is baking or preserving. It is 

 in all respects very similar to the Kentish, except in the singular position of the 

 fruit on the stalk. This is caused by the flowers containing several distinct styles ; 

 more or less of these are fertilised and produce a corresponding number of fruit. 

 In some cases the fruit is single, but varies to six in a cluster. This is a very old 

 variety, being known to Parkinson in 1629, by whom it was called the Flanders 

 Cluster Cherry. 



Some confusion has arisen betw'een this variety and the Cerisier a Trochet of 

 Duhamel, by Noisette adopting the nomenclature of the latter in his description of 

 this, and hence the synonyms of the Cerisier a Trochet have been applied to the 

 Cluster Cherry. The Cerisier a Trochet of Duhamel is a distinct variety, known 

 also by the name of Tres Fertile, and it is the Straussweichsel of Truchsess, 



COE'S LATE CARNATION. Medium sized, roundish. Skin, 

 reddish yellow, clouded and mottled with bright red. Stalk, two 



