500 THE FKUIT MANUAL. 



and inserted without depression. Flesh, white, half melting, and very 

 juicy. Juice, thin and watery, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured. 



A second-rate little pear ; ripe in the end of October. 



This was raised by M. Parmentier, of Enghein. 



BERGAMOTTE DUSSART. Fruit, above medium size, three 

 inches wide, and three inches and a quarter long ; roundish turbinate, 

 considerably resembling the Doyenne Blanc in shape. Skin, bright 

 green at first, but changing, as it ripens, to lemon-colour, dotted with 

 numerous green, brown, and grey dots, and marked with large patches 

 of dark green, and a thin coating of russet round the stalk. Eye, 

 open, placed in a wide and shallow cavity. Stalk, about an inch 

 long, set in a shallow but wide and undulating cavity, and sometimes 

 pressed to one side by a large swelling. Flesh, white, tender, and 

 melting, very juicy and vinous, with a slight acidulated, sugary, and 

 perfumed flavour. 



A very excellent dessert pear ; in use from November till January. 



The tree is a free grower and hardy, a very abundant bearer, and 

 succeeds well as a pyramid or standard equally well on the pear or 

 quince. 



It was raised in Belgium by M. Dussart, a gardener at Jodoigne, about the year 

 1829. I received it in 1849, and first saw the fruit in 1851. From what I then 

 observed of its quality, it appeared to be a variety worth cultivating. Mr. R. D. 

 Blackmore finds it an inferior fruit at Teddington. 



BERGAMOTTE ESPEREN (Esperen). Fruit, medium size, fre- 

 quently above medium size, varying from two inches and three-quarters 

 wide and two inches and a quarter high, to three inches and a half 

 wide and three inches high. It is, in the smaller fruit, distinctly 

 Bergamot-shaped, but in large and well-grown specimens it is rather 

 turbinate, narrowing abruptly to the stalk, even and regular in its out- 

 line. Skin, coarse and rough, at first of a dark green colour, covered 

 with large brown russet dots, but, as it attains maturity, it assumes a 

 dull greenish yellow hue, and the numerous large russet dots become 

 grey ; sometimes, on the side that has been exposed to the sun, it 

 assumes a faint orange tinge. Eye, small and open, with a dry, rigid, 

 horny calyx, of no regular form, set in a pretty deep, wide, and even 

 basin. Stalk, three-quarters of an inch long, stout, and somewhat 

 fleshy at the insertion, and placed in a small narrow cavity. Flesh, 

 yellowish, fine-grained, quite melting, very juicy and sugary, with a 

 pleasant aroma. 



A most delicious late pear, coming into season from about the middle 

 of February, and lasting till April. A fit successor to Winter Nelis, 

 but Mr. R. D. Blackmore says it does not ripen well in his garden at 

 Teddington. 



It was raised from seed about the year 1830, by Major Esperen, of Malines. 

 "Pierre Joseph Esperen was born at Ghent, 29th January, 1780, and died at 

 Malines, 13th August, 1847. He entered the service in 1804 as a volunteer^ and 



