THE FRUIT MANUAL. 



closed, set in a deep, uneven, and furrowed basin. Stalk, an inch 

 long, rather deeply inserted. Flesh, yellowish, fine-grained, tender, 

 and melting, with a rich vinous juice and musky flavour. 



A delicious dessert pear ; ripe in December and January. The tree 

 is hardy and vigorous ; bears well as a standard. 



This is one of the varieties raised by T. A. Knight, Esq., and is named after 

 Moccas Court, in Herefordshire. 



MONARCH (Knight's Monarch). Fruit, medium sized ; roundish. 

 Skin, yellowish green, very much covered with brown russet, and 

 strewed with grey russet specks. Eye, small and open, set in a shallow 

 undulating basin. Stalk, three-quarters of an inch long, inserted in a 

 small cavity, frequently without depression. Flesh, yellowish, buttery, 

 melting, and very juicy, with a rich, sprightly, sugary, and agreeably 

 perfumed flavour. 



One of the most valuable pears ; ripe in December and January. 

 The tree is very hardy, an excellent bearer, and forms a handsome 

 pyramid. Mr. Blackmore says " it is of grand quality when the flesh 

 is yellow, which happens only in good seasons ; but the tree is apt to 

 drop all fruit at the final swelling, even without wind. From a wall 

 it is worthless here." Mr. Luckhurst says, " Much watchfulness and 

 care are necessary as the fruit approaches maturity, some of it being 

 ready to gather long before the others, so that the gathering often 

 extends over an entire month, and the ripening extends from December 

 till March." He calls it "a most useful pear." 



This is another of Mr. Knight's seedlings, and certainly the best of all. It 

 first fruited in 1830, the first year of the reign of William IV., and was named 

 Monarch as being, in his opinion, the best of all pears. There was a spurious 

 variety disseminated for the Monarch, with yellowish shoots, which is easily 

 distinguished from the true one, the shoots of which are dark violet. 



, MONCHALLARD (Belle Epine Fondante ; Epine d'Ete de Bordeaux ; 

 Epine Hose de Jean Lami). Fruit, large, three inches and three- 

 quarters long, and two and three-quarters wide ; long obovate, even and 

 regular in its outline. Skin, bright yellow, strewed with g-aenish dots, 

 and washed with thin red on the side next the sun. Eye, large, open, 

 and slightly depressed. Stalk, an inch long, inserted in a narrow cavity. 

 Flesh, tender, melting, and very juicy, sweet, acidulous, and slightly 

 aromatic. 



An excellent early pear ; ripe in September. 



This valuable pear was raised on the property of M. Monchallard, at 

 Biard, near Yaleuil, in the department of the Dordogne. It was found 

 by the grandfather of M. Monchallard growing in a wood, about the 

 year 1810, and he had the tree carefully removed to a more favourable 

 position. 



Mon Dieu. See Ah ! mon Dieu. 



MONSEIGNEUR AFFRE. Fruit, medium sized ; abrupt oblong, 

 even and regular in its outline. Skin, thick, rough to the feel, covered 



