30 GALILEO AND HIS JUDGES. 



definitions must be clearly and unmistakably intended 

 as such, and must carry with them some manifest 

 signs to that effect. 



Extract from the same on the subject of the Pope's 

 infallibility, pp. 108 and 109 ; 



JSTeque enim Cathedra Apostolica aliud est, quam supremum 

 authenticum magisterium, cujus defmitiva sententia doctrinalis 

 obligat universam Ecclesiam ad consensum. Intentio haec de- 

 finiendi doctrinam seu docendi definitiva sententia et auctoritate 

 obligante universam Ecclesiam ad consensurn debet esse manifesta 

 et cognoscibilis claris indiciis. 



In the case we have before us, I should say that the 

 " clara indicia" were all the other way ; and indeed, 

 were it not for the dust which controversialists 

 have tried to throw in our eyes, I should be disposed 

 to add that we might fairly drop this part of our 

 subject I mean the part which raises the question 

 whether there was not some decision or definition, 

 such as Catholics are bound by their principles to 

 admit as infallible, given against the Copernican 

 doctrine. 



It is right, however, to notice one or two other 

 arguments urged by Mr. Eoberts. 



Some of these consist in bringing forward supposed 

 parallel cases, in which the Pope has insisted on a full 

 and complete assent being given to the decision of 

 some Koman Congregation. One case is that of a 

 " distinguished theologian and philosopher, Gunther," 

 whose works were condemned by a decree of the 

 Index, having, however, the notice that the Pope had 



