I 275 1 



HARDWICK HALL, 



GARDENS 



DERBYSHIRE, . . 



THE SEAT OF HIS GRACE 



The Duke of Devonshire 



OLD-&NLW 



THIS famous mansion of 

 northern Derbyshire exem- 

 plifies in stone, m- 

 pletely than any other 

 house in the land, the spa. 

 06 of Elizabeth. It is the \ery antityfe of 

 a medi.-rv.il dueling. We have remarked 

 before in this series ot article* that the wide developm.-nt of 

 the national outlook in that century was accompanied by a 

 : change in domestic arcliitevture. In earlier time-, the 

 strong tower, with its narrow loopholes, cut <.ff from the Mir- 

 rounding land by a ino.it and a drawbridge, marked the 

 duelling of those who wished to be secure. There has been a 

 tendency to depict the spirit of m;-Jia-v.iLlo;n in the guise of 

 some gloomy ascetic, hastening tornbward with his head 

 beneath a cowl, and looking even upon (i-.i's sunlight as 

 unholy, while, on the other hand, we have had pres-.-nted to 

 us the new spirit, finally exemplified in the R.-n liN-ance, as a 



youth of virile development, enjoying 



to the lull all ttk- bnglitness and the 

 pleasures which this hie c.m he-' 

 There was. no doubt, a fundament il 

 change ot ideal at the time throughout 

 liurope. though it is v-ry imperfecth 

 presented by this hasty imagery. The greater 

 truth and this is the matter with which we ate especially 

 i-iinceined is that the change in the houses ot hnglishim-n II 

 from the nvi-e (vacetul conditions ot the times. The m ..it 

 u is no Linger called for as a barrier, the strong to-A r 

 had lost its office, and it was possible for the m-antry 

 gentleman, instead of looking in upon his courtvard as 

 his ancestors ha I done, to survey the world around, 

 and in particular to look out up m the gardens with 

 which he beautified his home and to rejoice in the pleasant 

 prospect of his delectable surroundings. It was not a new 

 but a new opportunity. 





THE OLD SOUTH W*t L 





