THE OKCHARD. 189 



Standard pears do not require so much apace as apples ; 

 their branches generally are more erect. In this country 

 standard pears should not have naked trunks over three 

 or four feet high, and twenty-five feet apart are quite suf- 

 ficient ; at this distance an acre will contain about seventy 

 trees. These, as a general thing, will not begin to bear 

 until the tenth year, unless artificial means be resorted to. 

 Some early-bearing sorts, like the Bartlett, may com- 

 mence bearing much sooner ; but, as a general thing, the 

 crop from standard pears is not of much account until 

 the trees have attained ten years of age, or thereabouts. 

 By putting one dwarf standard between each, in the 

 same row, and a row ten feet apart between each row of 

 standards, as in fig. 99, we can plant 250 dwarfs or pyra- 

 mids, that will commence bearing the third year, and will 

 be in full bearing the fifth, yielding not less, on an aver- 

 age, than $1 to $2 per tree. 



In selecting varieties of pears for profitable orchard 

 culture on the quince, those only should be chosen which 

 have been well proved on that stock, and also in the lo- 

 cality, or a similar one, and that are popular in market. 

 Mr. Quinn, in his book " Pear Culture for Profit," states 

 that the Duchesse d'Angouleme is almost the only one 

 really profitable in his soil, in New Jersey. 



The following sorts succeed well on the quince, and are 

 profitably grown here : Louise Bonne de Jersey, Duchesse 

 cTAngoultme, JSeurre cVAnjou, Howell, Josephine de 

 Malines, Vicar of Winkfield, to which I might add many 

 others. 



Peach trees should be only one year old from the bud, 

 and set at a distance of about fifteen feet. At this dis- 

 tance the trees soon grow to afford each other considera- 

 ble shelter. Mr. W. C. Flagg, of Alton, 111., an orchard- 

 ist of experience, writes in Tilton's Magazine, Novem- 

 ber, 1869, that he plants his large peach orchards in 

 squares of 100 trees, at sixteen and a half feet apart each 



