216 PERMANENT PLANTATIONS. 



Taking up the Trees. This has already been described 

 under the head of Nursery Operations, to which the reader 

 is referred. 



Planting has been described under the head, of Planting 

 the Orchard / and the operation being the same in both 

 cases, it need not be repeated. 



The arrangement of the trees, however, is different, and 

 this point requires a special notice. 



In regard to position. Each class of trees, such as 

 pears, apples, cherries, etc., should be planted together in 

 the same rows or division, and if any difference exist in 

 the soil, each should be planted in that best adapted to it. 

 Thus, plums should have that most inclined to clay ; pears 

 and apples, the deepest and richest; cherries, peaches, 

 apricots, etc., the driest and lightest. 



Where the garden is large, the pyramids should be in 

 one compartment, the dwarf standards in another, and the 

 dwarf bushes in another; but where it is necessary to 

 economize and fill the ground to the best advantage, the 

 dwarf bushes may alternate advantageously with the 

 pyramids or dwarf standards, and this especially along 

 the walk borders. Varieties, too, of the same or similar 

 habits of growth, should, if possible, be together. The 

 espalier trees should be placed so that the earliest blos- 

 soming kinds, such as the apricots, will be most secure 

 from the influence of spring frosts where these prevail ; 

 the trellis facing the north will be the best for this pur- 

 pose ; but where it is intended to protect them, the aspect 

 is of little account. In the north aspect, fruits are very 

 much retarded in their ripening; and this circumstance 

 may be turned to a good account to prolong the season 

 of some late cherries, currants, etc. We have seen fine 

 Morellos in perfection on a north wall here, in the month 

 of September. 



The distance at which trees should be planted in the 

 garden. This will not be the same in all cases ; for in a 



