THE GKAPE. 289 



cumstances ; but after that the failure is complete. This 

 has rendered glass, heat, and shelter necessary. 



The Buildings. These are constructed of all sizes 

 and at various degrees of expense. Some have single 

 lean-to roofs ; others have double or span roofs. The 

 walls of some are built of brick or stone ; others are 

 wholly of wood. The cheapest and simplest structure 

 of this kind is the lean-to. The back may be nine or 

 ten feet high, composed of strong cedar posts six feet 

 apart, and boarded up on both sides. The ends are 

 made in the same manner. The front may be two or 

 three feet high, made of posts, and boards or planks, same 

 as the back. Sills or plates are put on the front and back 

 walls, and then rafters at three and a half to four feet 

 apart. The sashes slip in between the rafters, and rest on 

 a strip of wood on their sides. Unless the grapery be 

 very small, the sash should be in two parts, the lower one 

 twice as long as the upper, and fixed ; the upper to slide 

 down over the under one on pulleys, to ventilate the house. 

 Doors are in each end at the back, and means are provided 

 for admitting air in front by the opening of boards like 

 shutters. 



But a cheap structure is not the best economy, and while 

 such may be admissible, on a merely commercial place, it 

 would be out of character in any neatly kept grounds. 

 The maxim, that " whatever is worth doing is worth 

 doing well," holds good in the construction of a grapery, 

 and therefore, however plain the architecture of the de- 

 sign, the materials should be of -the best, the arrangement 

 convenient, and the putting together done in a workman- 

 like manner. 



Lean-to or single-roof houses may frequently be built 

 against the south or east side of a wall or out-building, 

 and thus can be constructed cheaply, but a span-roofed 

 house is much the best. 



Fig. 142 gives a good representation of a single-roof 

 13 



