ILLUSTRATIONS xiii 



TIG. PAGE 



40. Sketch Map of the Swiss Kivers 291 



41. Diagram in illustration of mountain structure . . 296 



42. Sketch Map of the Aar and its tributaries . . . 299 



43. River system round Chur, as it used to be . . . 308 



44. River system round Chur, as it is . . . . , 309 



45. River system of the Maloya 311 



46. Final slope of a river 317 



47. Do. do. with a lake . . . .318 



48. Diagrammatic section of a valley (exaggerated). E J?, 



rocky basis of a valley ; A A, sedimentary strata ; 



B, ordinary level of river ; (7, flood level . . 329 



49. Whitsunday Island. (After Darwin) . . . .359 



50. A group of Lunar volcanoes ; Maurolycus, Barocius, 



etc. (After Judd) 380 



51. Orbits of the inner Planets. (After Ball) . . .388 



52. Relative distances of the Planets from the Sun. (After 



Ball) 389 



53. Saturn, with the surrounding series of rings. (After 



Lockyer) 395 



54. The Parallactic Ellipse. (After Ball) . . .413 



55. Displacement of the hydrogen line in the spectrum of 



Rigel. (After Clarke) 416 



PLATES 



BURNHAM BEECHES ...... Frontispiece 



WINDSOR CASTLE. (From a drawing by 



J. Finnemore) .... To face page 13 

 AQUATIC VEGETATION, Rio. (Published 



by Spooner and Co.) . . . " "145 



TROPICAL FOREST, WEST INDIES. (After 



Kingsley) "179 



SUMMIT OF MONT BLANC . " " 203 



