ORCHARDS. 



34i 



ORCHARD HOUSE. 



bears profusely as the pyramid on the pear. 



October. 

 *3- Triomphe de Vienne, very large, russety, 



of rich flavour, a fine grower and free bearer, 



being a desirable variety of great excellence. 



September. 

 24. Winter Nelis, small, roundish, buttery, 



and melting, rich and aromatic ; an abundant 



bearer, and a beautiful bush. November to 



January. 



The following pears are also suited to 

 orchards and well worth growing : Aspasie 

 Ancourt, Bellessime d'Hiver, Beurre de 

 Capiaumont, Bishop's Thumb, Grosse 

 Calebasse, Hacon's Incomparable, Marie 

 Louise d' Uccle, Prince Napoleon, Passe 

 Crasanne, Swan's Egg. 



There are several sorts of baking and 

 stewing pears, but the best are, Catillac, 

 Vicar of Winkfield, Veralum, or Black 

 Jack, Gilogil, General Todleben, Orchard 

 Baker, and Uvedale's St. Germain, for a 

 wall. 



The following pears are best adapted 

 for a cold climate : Alexandre Lambre, 

 Gansel's late Bergamot, Beurre d' Amanlis, 

 Williams's Bon Chretien, Calebasse d'Ete, 

 Colmar d'Ete, Citron des Carmes, Hessle, 

 Jargonelle, Louise Bonne of Jersey, and 

 Thompson's Pear. 



As cherries and plums have been spoken 

 of as orchard fruit, it may be well to give a 

 small list of each for the guidance of those 

 who are intending to plant an orchard. 

 The earliest cherries are the Early Lyons, 

 the Purple Guigne, and the Baumann's 

 May. These are succeeded by the Early 

 Rivers, the Elton, the May Duke, and 

 Governor Wood. Next in order come the 

 Kentish Bigarreau, Royal Duke, and Black 

 Eagle; the Late Duke is the latest of 

 sweet cherries, and with this may be named 

 the Black Tartarian and Napoleon Bigar- 

 reau. For cooking purposes there is the 

 Kentish ; and for brandy, the Morella ; for 

 drying, the Belle de Choisy, the Flemish, 

 and the Kentish. Waterloo is a good 

 cherry, ripening in July, so are Werder's j 



Black Heart, Adams' Bedford Prolific, and 

 Black Turkey Heart. 



Of plums the varieties are infinite. 

 Among the best may be classed, Arch- 

 duke, Cox's Emperor. Coe's Golden Drop, 

 Denniston's Superb, Denyer's Victoria, 

 river's Early Prolific and Grand Duke, 

 Old Greengage, Guthrie's Late Green, 

 Jefferson's Yellow, Kirke's Blue, Magnum 

 Bonum, Mitchelson's Large Black, New 

 Orleans or Wilmot's Early, Oullin's Golden- 

 gage, Reine Claude de Bavy, Rivers's Late, 

 the Sultan, the Czar, Washington and Wye- 

 dale. 



For the best varieties of filberts see 

 under that head. 



Orchard House, Lean-to. 



Full instructions for building orchard 

 houses are given here, because it is the 

 cheapest kind of protective structure for 

 fruit-growing without fear of losing ihe, 

 crop, that an amateur can make. 



Mr. Rivers, the originator of orchard 

 houses, describes, as a convenient form of 

 house, a lean-to structure, 30 feet long and 

 12 feet 6 inches wide, made in the following 

 simple manner : Six posts of yellow deal, 

 5 inches by 3 inches, or oak posts, 4 inches 

 by 3 inches, and 9 feet 6 inches in length, 

 are firmly fixed, and driven 2 feet into the 

 ground, the lower ends being previously 

 charred and coated with coal-tar, or boiled 

 linseed oil thickened to the consistency of 

 paint by mixing finely powdered coal-dust 

 with it, which is said to be better than tar. 

 This is the back line of posts. Six other 

 posts, exactly similar, but only 5 feet long, 

 are fixed also 2 feet in the ground, 

 forming the front of the house the one 

 rising 3 feet and the other 7 feet 6 inches 

 above the ground level. Two posts at 

 each end occupy the centre, and form the 

 door posts. On the six posts, both in 

 back and front, a wall plate is nailed to 

 receive the rafters, one of which springs 



