ORCHARD HOUSES. 



350 



ORCHARD HOUSES. 



fully watching every branch, checking the 

 more vigorous shoots by pinching off the ter- 

 minal buds, or by breaking or half-breaking 

 them, so as to check the flow of the sap. 



The work of pruning begins with the 

 second year's growth. In the winter 

 following the terminal branches will pre- 

 sent a series of small shoots more or less 

 vigorous, and the required pruning will 

 be according to their vigour ; repressing 

 the stronger as early as possible by pinching 

 off the leading shoots, and encouraging the 

 weaker shoots ; thus balancing the growth 

 of the tree, and suffering no more branches 

 or leaves to be produced than can properly 

 perform their function of elaborating and 

 storing up matter for the production of 

 fruit a function for which a full exposure 

 of every part of the tree to light and air is 

 quite essential. It is the pruner's work to 

 remove all shoots which do not fulfil this 

 condition by rubbing them off, and ar- 

 resting the over-luxuriant ones by timely 

 pinching off the terminal bud. Others, 

 suited for his purpose, he leaves at their 

 full length, merely depressing their points, 

 which will induce them to push from every 

 bud fruitful twigs of moderate growth, or 

 he prunes back a weak shoot to two or 

 three buds, raising the point in a perpendi- 

 cular direction, knowing that the sap may 

 thus be concentrated so as to produce a 

 more vigorous growth. If he wishes to 

 increase the vigour of his trees, he will 

 prune them early in autumn, so that the 

 sap they may accumulate in the winter is 

 not thrown away : he studies, in fact, the 

 ways and means of the tree ; nor does he 

 forget that the roots should be under con- 

 trol as well as the branches. The treat- 

 ment should be preventive as well as 

 remedial ; the latter, indeed, as Mr. 

 Rivers tells us, " is out of place in a well- 

 ordered garden the finger and thumb, 

 and a moderate sized penknife, should do 

 all the pruning required." 



Orchard houses, Suitable 

 Trees for. 



Full directions for the management of 

 the orchard house from month to month 

 must be obtained from monthly calendars. 

 All that is possible here is to give a 

 list of such trees as may be introduced 

 into an orchard house without fear oi 

 disappointment, for it is hardly neces- 

 sary to observe that all sorts of trees do 

 not bear the confinement of glass, nor 

 ripen their fruit under such circumstances 

 equally well. All the sorts mentioned are 

 of course suited to the table ; for no one 

 would take the trouble which an orchard 

 house involves to grow in it any sorts of 

 fruits which are fitted only for cookery. 



Apples. Ribston Pippin, Blenheim Orange, Cox's 

 Orange Pippin, Sturmer Pippin, Gascoyne's 

 Scarlet Seedling, Lady Henniker, Lady Sude- 

 ley, Jackson's Seedling, Nonpareil, Margil, 

 Peasgood's Nonsuch, Devonshire Quarrenden. 



Apricots. Breda, Hemskerk, Shipley, or Blen- 

 heim, Moorpark, Kaisha, Grosse Peche. 



Cherries. Belle de Choisy, Bigarreau Mon- 

 streuse de Mezel, Kentish Bigarreau, or Amber 

 Heart, Bigarreau Napoleon, Black Eagle, 

 Governor Wood, Kentish, Bedford Prolific, 

 May Duke, Royal Duke, Black Tartarian. 



Figs. Violette de Bordeaux, White Marseilles, 

 Brown Turkey, White Ischia, Osborn's Prolific. 



Grapes. Early Malvasia, Buckland Sweetwater, 

 Old White Sweetwater, Muscat Madresfield 

 Court, Royal Muscadine, Black Hamburg, 

 Foster's Seedling, Chasselas Vibert, Black 

 Frontignan, White Frontignan, Bowood Mus- 

 cat. 



Nectarines. Advance, Elruge, River's Orange, 

 Violette Hative, Albert Victor, Dryden Victoria. 



Oranges, &c. Maltese Common Oval Orange, 

 Maltese Blood Oval Orange, Citron, Lemon, 

 Persian Lime, Silver Orange, St. Michael's, 

 Tangerin, Egg Orange. 



Peaches. Alexandra, Barrington, Bellegarde, 

 Crimson Galande, Early Alfred, Early Grosse 

 Mignonne, French Galande, Golden Eagle, 

 Goshawk, Grosse Mignonne, Noblesse, Princess 

 of Wales, Royal George, River's Early York, 

 Violette Hative, Admiral Warburton. 



Pears. Doyenne d'Ete", Jargonelle, Duchesse 

 d'Angouleme, Seckle, Louise Bonne of Jersey, 

 Josephine de Malines, Passe Colmar, William's 

 Bon Chr6tian, Winter Nelis, Passe, Crassane, 

 Marie Louise, Beurred'Amanlis, B. d'Arenberg, 

 B. d'Capiamont, B. Clairgeau, B. Diel, B. 

 Easter, B. Giffard, B. Hardy. 



Plums. Angelina Burdett, Belgian Purple, 

 Greengage, Guthrie's Greengage, Late Green, 

 Imperatrice, Jefferson's, Kirke's Blue, Mitchel- 

 son's, New Orleans, Oullin's Golden Gage, 



