TRAINERS AND TRELLISES. 504 TRAINING ON FAN SYSTEM. 



balloon trainers are shown in Fig. 2 ; they 

 are useful both for greenhouse decoration 

 and for use in the open ground. The 

 small trellises used in pot culture for sus- 

 taining such plants 

 as the Ivy gera- 

 nium, and even the 



I. COMPOSITE 

 TRAINER. 



tree carnation, are 

 flat in form, as 

 hown in Fig. I, 

 which is given as 

 a general type of 

 the whole. This 

 consists of three 

 standards of wood, 

 one upright in the 

 centre and two in- 

 clined to it, one on 

 either side, in the 

 inclination generally given to the sides 

 of a flower pot. These standards should 

 be about f inch in width and f inch 

 thick for ordinary use. Holes are then 

 bored through the standards, through 

 which wires about inch in diameter, 

 or even a little slighter, as & inch, 

 are inserted in the manner shown in the 

 illustration. The standards in such a com- 

 posite structure as this present the narrower 

 sides to the front and back. Useful sup- 

 ports may be made in this manner from 18 

 to 36 inches in height for indoor or outdoor 

 use. For smaller supports the two slanting j 

 standards only need be used, and these may 

 be placed so as to present the broader sides 

 in front and to the rear, and connected by j 

 slips of wood laid across them, and secured j 

 in place by small brads. A pretty form of j 

 flat trellis or trainer, made entirely of wire, | 

 may be made by bending a long piece of 

 thick wire in an oblong rectangular form, 

 or even in a trapezoidal form, the top a*nd 

 bottom limbs being parallel and the sides 

 inclined inward, and then attaching straight 

 pieces of thin wire to this main support, 

 crossing them after the mam* r of ordinary i 



wooden trellis. A structure of this kind is 

 all the stronger if the wires are interlaced. 

 If this is not done it is necessary to fasten 

 them at the points of crossing with thin 

 binding wire. 



Training Flowers. 



When training is required, it should be 

 done neatly and tastefully, using thin and 

 pointed sticks, and very fine fibres of mat- 

 ting or soft twine ; avoid anything like 

 stiffness or formality, which is the opposite 

 extreme to the graceful habit of plants. 



Training Fruit-Trees. 



Various modes of training fruit-trees are 

 in use among gardeners, but for these the 

 reader is referred to the particular names 

 given to each form, namely, Cordon 

 System, Ean System, Pyramidal Form, 

 Standard Form, &c. 



Training on Fan System for 

 Peaches, &c. 



Enough has been said in the directions 

 given elsewhere for the pruning and training 

 of pears and apples 

 to guide the gardener 

 in work of this kind 

 when carried out on 

 other kinds of fruit- 

 trees, but it will be 

 necessary to make 

 a few brief remarks 

 on the treatment re- 

 quired by trees that 

 bear stone fruit and 

 not pip fruit, as 

 apple-trees and pear- 

 trees do. Peaches 

 and nectarines, to 



be brought to perfection in this country 

 in the open air, require walls with a south- 

 ern aspect, or south with a slight turn east 

 or west. The trees that bear them are 

 obtained by budding on a plum stock, that 



FIG. 2. BALLOON 

 TRAINER. 



