TRANSPLANTING. 



507 



TREES, DECIDUOUS. 



upset the machine, or topple the tree j 

 over. 



New Place for Tree. If the tree be 

 large, the hole in which it is to be depo- 

 sited should be made in such a manner 

 as to have an inclined plane on each side 

 to enable the horses to walk through. 

 When the sledge arrives at the centre of 

 the hole, the horses must be stopped. If 

 the tree is not too heavy, the truck or 

 sledge is prised up by manual strength, 

 and the plant gradually slid off. If very 

 heavy, a strong chain is passed under the 

 ball, attached to a couple of strong crow- 

 bars ; the horses are applied to the other 

 end of the truck, and the tree drops off 

 into its place. 



Replanting. The roots are carefully 

 undone, and spread throughout the whole 

 mass of soil as the process of filling up 

 goes on ; three strong posts are driven in 

 to form a triangle, and rails securely 

 fixed to them across the ball to keep it 

 immovable ; the top reduced in proportion 

 to the mutilation the roots may have 

 suffered ; the whole thoroughly drenched 

 and puddled in with water, and covered 

 over with 4 inches of litter to ward off 

 cold and drought, and the operation is 

 complete. If this operation is well per- 

 formed, the loss will not average more than 

 from five to eight per cent. The principle 

 involved in all planting is the same, and 

 only of secondary importance to securing 

 as many healthy roots as possible. The 

 stability or immovability of both root and 

 top comes next ; for, if not attended to, 

 every breeze that blows is analogous to a 

 fresh removal. No sooner do the roots 

 grasp hold of the soil than they are 

 forcibly wrenched out of it again, and the 

 plant lives, if at all, as by a miracle. 



Replanting of Young Trees, &c. The 

 planting of young trees and small shrubs 

 is so simple as scarcely to require instruc- 

 tions. Always make the hole considerably 



larger than the space required by the roots, 

 whether few or many, so that they may 

 find soft recently removed soil to grow in ; 

 and yet the soil must not be left too loose. 

 If so moist as not to need watering, which 

 will moisten and also consolidate the soil, 

 it may be gently trodden down under the 

 roots. 



Distance at "which to Plant Trees. In 

 reference to the proper distance at which 

 shrubs should be planted, much depends 

 upon the object in view. A safe rule, how- 

 ever, is to plant thick, and thin quickly : 

 from three to four feet is a good average for 

 small shrubs and trees. In three years, 

 two out of three plants should be removed ; 

 and in planting it is well to introduce rapid- 

 growing common things amongst choice 

 plants, to nurse them up ; only the nursing 

 must not continue too long. 



Transplanting is a remedy recommended 

 for over-luxuriant growth ; it is, however, 

 only applicable to young or dwarf trees. It 

 is performed in autumn ; the roots being 

 trimmed and shortened, and the tree care- 

 fully replanted in a suitably prepared sta- 

 tion. The check is usually followed by an 

 ample abundance of fruit buds in the follow- 

 ing year. 



Trees, Deciduous. 



Nature, as it has already been observed, 

 kindly and frequently easily accommodates 

 herself to the wants and wishes, and 

 especially to the industry of man. Our 

 woods, and shrubberies, and gardens, may 

 now be adorned with the vegetable pro- 

 ductions of all climates and countries. 

 The Eastern and the Western World, 

 especially Brazil, California, Japan, New 

 Zealand, and Australia, have added many 

 beauties to our scenery which were un- 

 known to our forefathers. The oak, the 

 ash, the elm, the lime, the beech, and the 

 maple, in all parts of the country, testily 

 by their size either to indigenous growth, 



