SEPTEMBER. 



699 



OCTOBER. 



to blanch plants advancing to maturity. 

 Dig up a piece of good ground, manure 

 well, and rake smooth. In this plant 

 some strong endive plants a foot apart 

 each way, and water as soon as planted, 

 repeating it in dry weather. 



Lettuces. Sow cos and cabbage lettuces 

 in a bed of rich mellow ground ; in the 

 first, second, and fourth week, pick out on 

 nursery beds the plants last sown, and 

 plant out the strongest plants in the open 

 ground. Dig neatly and rake evenly, and 

 put in the plants by line 12 inches apart 

 each way ; continue to water till rooted. 



Onions. Seed may be sown early this 

 month to afford bulbs to transplant in the 

 spring, for use in salads. The general crop 

 will be ready for harvesting. 



Potatoes. As the crops ripen, which 

 may be known by the perishing condition 

 of the haulm and the firmness of the skin 

 of the tubers, which can no longer be 

 rubbed off by the pressure of the thumb, 

 the tubers should be taken up with care, 

 so as to avoid bruising them, and stored 

 away for use, either in cellars or in 

 caves or pits covered in to protect the 

 roots from the weather. The ground from 

 which they have been removed may be 

 planted with broccoli or cabbage, or sown 

 with winter spinach, turnips, &c. 



Radishes, Turnip. Black and white 

 should now be sown for winter use ; and 

 some small Italian radishes, white and red, 

 may also be sown for autumn use. 



Salading, Small. Sow cresses, mustard, 

 radishes, and other small salads, every 

 seven days, choosing a shady border, and 

 sowing in very shallow drills, watering 

 daily. 



Seakale. Keep the surface well stirred 

 and free from weeds. As the leaves decay 

 and can be easily detached from the plants, 

 remove them. It will be some time before 

 they are all off; but as soon as this is the 

 case, cover the crowns with ashes or bark 



from the tanyard till they are required foi 

 forcing. 



Spinach for winter use, sown late in July 

 or early in August, should now be planted 

 out. The prickly-seeded, or triangular- 

 leaved, is the hardiest for winter use. 



Turnips. Seed may still be sown foi 

 autumn and winter use, the Early Stone 

 being a good sort. Sow immediately aftei 

 digging, and sow thin. Hoe the cropi. 

 sown in May and June in dry weather, 

 and thin out till the plants are 7 or 8 

 inches apart. 



Work, Routine. To secure a supply of 

 vegetables in the winter and early spring, 

 all arrangements not already completed 

 should now be made without delay; the 

 growth of those already planted encouraged 

 by hoeing and stirring the earth round the 

 roots ; and where slugs abound, their 

 ravages counteracted by sowing soot or 

 lime on the soil. 



September. Orchard House, 

 Work in. 



This cannot have too much air. Where 

 no fire is used, sometimes late varieties of 

 peaches, &c., are grown here, to come in 

 after the fruit out of doors. Fruit on the 

 north side of an orchard house, with a 

 thorough draught through the house, will 

 be a month or six weeks later than the 

 same varieties on a south or west wall. 

 Maintain all the trees in the most perfect 

 health, and liberally water those in pots 

 with manure water. 



OCTOBER. 



Aspect and Character of 

 Month. 



October, the eighth month from March, 

 the first month of the old Roman year, 

 is the month in whose course we look 

 for the ingathering of morella cherries, 



